Clinical Effects of Heliox Administration for Acute Bronchiolitis in Young Infants. Cambonie, G., Milési, C., Fournier-Favre, S., Counil, F., Jaber, S., Picaud, J., & Matecki, S. Chest, 129(3):676–682, March, 2006.
Clinical Effects of Heliox Administration for Acute Bronchiolitis in Young Infants [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Objective:To assess the effect of heliox, a helium-oxygen mixture, on respiratory distress symptoms in young infants.Design:Prospective, randomized, double-blind study.Setting:Pediatric ICU (PICU) of a university hospital.Patients:Twenty infants, all \textless 3 months old, admitted to the PICU with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.Interventions:All infants were randomly and blindly assigned to inhale either heliox or an air-oxygen mixture (airox) for 1 h under an oxyhood.Measurements and results:After 1 h, the respiratory distress score was significantly lower in the heliox group compared with the airox group (3.05 vs 5.5, p \textless 0.01), with a significant reduction in accessory muscles use (p \textless 0.05) and expiratory wheezing (p \textless 0.01). In contrast, inspiratory breath sounds and cyanosis did not significantly differ between groups. The ex-premature infants of the heliox group had a higher respiratory distress score at baseline compared with the term infants of this group (5.8 vs 5.2, p \textless 0.05) and a comparable decrease in the score at 60 min.Conclusions:In young infants, even those born prematurely, heliox breathing induced a rapid reduction in accessory muscles use and expiratory wheezing. Further studies are needed to confirm the decreased respiratory muscle work of breathing during heliox inhalation in this population.
@article{cambonie_clinical_2006,
	title = {Clinical {Effects} of {Heliox} {Administration} for {Acute} {Bronchiolitis} in {Young} {Infants}},
	volume = {129},
	issn = {0012-3692},
	url = {http://eutils.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&id=16537867&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks},
	doi = {10.1378/chest.129.3.676},
	abstract = {Objective:To assess the effect of heliox, a helium-oxygen mixture, on respiratory distress symptoms in young infants.Design:Prospective, randomized, double-blind study.Setting:Pediatric ICU (PICU) of a university hospital.Patients:Twenty infants, all {\textless} 3 months old, admitted to the PICU with moderate-to-severe acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.Interventions:All infants were randomly and blindly assigned to inhale either heliox or an air-oxygen mixture (airox) for 1 h under an oxyhood.Measurements and results:After 1 h, the respiratory distress score was significantly lower in the heliox group compared with the airox group (3.05 vs 5.5, p {\textless} 0.01), with a significant reduction in accessory muscles use (p {\textless} 0.05) and expiratory wheezing (p {\textless} 0.01). In contrast, inspiratory breath sounds and cyanosis did not significantly differ between groups. The ex-premature infants of the heliox group had a higher respiratory distress score at baseline compared with the term infants of this group (5.8 vs 5.2, p {\textless} 0.05) and a comparable decrease in the score at 60 min.Conclusions:In young infants, even those born prematurely, heliox breathing induced a rapid reduction in accessory muscles use and expiratory wheezing. Further studies are needed to confirm the decreased respiratory muscle work of breathing during heliox inhalation in this population.},
	number = {3},
	journal = {Chest},
	author = {Cambonie, Gilles and Milési, Christophe and Fournier-Favre, Sébastien and Counil, Franċois and Jaber, Samir and Picaud, Jean-Charles and Matecki, Stefan},
	month = mar,
	year = {2006},
	pages = {676--682},
}

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