@article{Carhart-Harris,
abstract = {Psychedelic drugs are creating ripples in psychiatry as evidence accumulates of their therapeutic potential. An important question remains unresolved however: how are psy-chedelics effective? We propose that a sense of connectedness is key, provide some preliminary evidence to support this, and suggest a roadmap for testing it further. We are in the midst of a cultural zeitgeist with regard to psy-chedelic drugs such as psilocybin, LSD and DMT (ayahuasca) (Carhart-Harris and Goodwin 2017). April 2017 featured the largest ever conference on the topic, 'Psychedelic Science', in Oakland, California, attended by 3000 people from over 40 different countries. Among the 175+ speakers were Tom Insel (former director of the National Institute for Mental Health) and Paul Summergrad (past president of the American Psychiatric Association), speaking enthusiastically and en-couragingly about the field, symbolic in some sense of its present 'main-streaming' (Carhart-Harris and Goodwin 2017). The theme of connectedness was pervasive at Psychedelic Science, featuring consistently among speakers' presentations. To our knowledge, the concept was first given clear emphasis in psychedelic therapy by Watts et al. 2017, in a qualitative research paper linked to our recent psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) clinical trial (Carhart-Harris et al. 2016)—see also (Belser et al. 2017). In 6-month follow-up interviews, participants were asked: 'Did this treatment work for you, and if so how?' and responses were analysed for consistent themes (Watts et al. 2017). Of the 17 patients who endorsed the treatment's effectiveness, all made reference to one particular mediating factor: a renewed sense of connection or connectedness. This factor was found to have three distin-guishable aspects: connection to (1) self, (2) others and (3) the world in general (Watts et al. 2017). For many, the sense of connectedness featured acutely, during the treatment session itself, but just as commonly, it endured for several weeks to months afterwards, as can be seen here from a participant who remained in remission for 3-months post-treatment:},
author = {Carhart-Harris, R L and Erritzoe, D and Haijen, E and Kaelen, M and Watts, R},
doi = {10.1007/s00213-017-4701-y},
file = {:home/trisquel/Dokumente/mendeley/Carhart-Harris et al/Unknown/Carhart-Harris et al.{\_}Unknown{\_}Psychedelics and connectedness.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {CA},
mendeley-tags = {CA},
title = {{Psychedelics and connectedness}}
}

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April 2017 featured the largest ever conference on the topic, 'Psychedelic Science', in Oakland, California, attended by 3000 people from over 40 different countries. Among the 175+ speakers were Tom Insel (former director of the National Institute for Mental Health) and Paul Summergrad (past president of the American Psychiatric Association), speaking enthusiastically and en-couragingly about the field, symbolic in some sense of its present 'main-streaming' (Carhart-Harris and Goodwin 2017). The theme of connectedness was pervasive at Psychedelic Science, featuring consistently among speakers' presentations. To our knowledge, the concept was first given clear emphasis in psychedelic therapy by Watts et al. 2017, in a qualitative research paper linked to our recent psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) clinical trial (Carhart-Harris et al. 2016)—see also (Belser et al. 2017). 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