The Complexity of Synchronous Notions of Information Flow Security. Cassez, F., van der Meyden, R., & Zhang, C. In Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures, 13th International Conference, FOSSACS 2010, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2010, Paphos, Cyprus, March 20-28, 2010. Proceedings, volume 6014, of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 282–296, 2010. Springer.
The Complexity of Synchronous Notions of Information Flow Security [pdf]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
The paper considers the complexity of verifying that a finite state system satisfies a number of definitions of information flow security. The systems model considered is one in which agents operate synchronously with awareness of the global clock. This enables timing based attacks to be captured, whereas previous work on this topic has dealt primarily with asynchronous systems. Versions of the notions of nondeducibility on inputs, nondeducibility on strategies, and an unwinding based notion are formulated for this model. All three notions are shown to be decidable, and their computational complexity is characterised.

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