A New Coefficient of Correlation. Chatterjee, S.
A New Coefficient of Correlation [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Is it possible to define a coefficient of correlation which is (a) as simple as the classical coefficients like Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation, and yet (b) consistently estimates some simple and interpretable measure of the degree of dependence between the variables, which is 0 if and only if the variables are independent and 1 if and only if one is a measurable function of the other, and (c) has a simple asymptotic theory under the hypothesis of independence, like the classical coefficients? This article answers this question in the affirmative, by producing such a coefficient. No assumptions are needed on the distributions of the variables. There are several coefficients in the literature that converge to 0 if and only if the variables are independent, but none that satisfy any of the other properties mentioned above.
@article{chatterjeeNewCoefficientCorrelation2020,
  title = {A New Coefficient of Correlation},
  author = {Chatterjee, Sourav},
  date = {2020-05-28},
  journaltitle = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
  shortjournal = {Journal of the American Statistical Association},
  pages = {1--21},
  issn = {0162-1459, 1537-274X},
  doi = {10.1080/01621459.2020.1758115},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2020.1758115},
  urldate = {2020-06-03},
  abstract = {Is it possible to define a coefficient of correlation which is (a) as simple as the classical coefficients like Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation, and yet (b) consistently estimates some simple and interpretable measure of the degree of dependence between the variables, which is 0 if and only if the variables are independent and 1 if and only if one is a measurable function of the other, and (c) has a simple asymptotic theory under the hypothesis of independence, like the classical coefficients? This article answers this question in the affirmative, by producing such a coefficient. No assumptions are needed on the distributions of the variables. There are several coefficients in the literature that converge to 0 if and only if the variables are independent, but none that satisfy any of the other properties mentioned above.},
  keywords = {~INRMM-MiD:z-HV3LTC36,correlation-analysis,mathematical-reasoning,mathematics,non-linearity,nonlinear-correlation,statistics},
  langid = {english}
}

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