Physical property evolution of the anode mixture during the baking process. Chen, B., Chaouki, H., Picard, D., Lauzon-Gauthier, J., Alamdari, H., & Fafard, M. Materials, 14(4):1 - 34, 2021. ![Physical property evolution of the anode mixture during the baking process [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper abstract bibtex The Hall-Héroult process uses prebaked carbon anodes as electrodes. The anode’s quality plays a crucial role in the efficiency of the aluminium production process. During the baking pro-cess, the anode undergoes complex physicochemical transformations. Thus, the production of high-quality anodes depends, among others, on the efficient control of their baking process. This paper aims to investigate the evolution of some physical properties of the anode paste mixture during the baking process. These properties include the mass loss fraction, real and apparent densities, the ratio of apparent volume, the permeability, and porosities. For this purpose, experiments consisting of thermogravimetric analysis, dilatometry, air permeability, and helium-pycnometric measurements were carried out. The anode permeability at high temperatures was linked to the air permeability through a permeability correlator due to experimental limitations. Moreover, the real density at high temperatures was estimated by combining real densities of the coal tar pitch and coke aggre-gates. Different porosities, such as the open porosity and the closed porosity related to the pitch binder, were estimated by taking the permeability at high temperatures into account. In this context, the effect of the permeability correlator, which was introduced to link the permeability at high temperatures to the air permeability, was investigated through a sensitivity analysis. These results al-low an estimation of the shrinking index, a new variable introduced to reflect the baking level of the anode mixture, which is linked to the volatile that is released in both open and closed pores. Afterwards, the pore pressure inside closed pores in the coal tar pitch was estimated. The obtained results highlight some new insights related to the baking process of the anode mixture. Moreover, they pave the way for better modeling of the thermo-chemo-mechanical behavior of anodes at high temperatures.
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
@article{20210809973486 ,
language = {English},
copyright = {Compilation and indexing terms, Copyright 2025 Elsevier Inc.},
copyright = {Compendex},
title = {Physical property evolution of the anode mixture during the baking process},
journal = {Materials},
author = {Chen, Bowen and Chaouki, Hicham and Picard, Donald and Lauzon-Gauthier, Julien and Alamdari, Houshang and Fafard, Mario},
volume = {14},
number = {4},
year = {2021},
pages = {1 - 34},
issn = {19961944},
abstract = {The Hall-Héroult process uses prebaked carbon anodes as electrodes. The anode’s quality plays a crucial role in the efficiency of the aluminium production process. During the baking pro-cess, the anode undergoes complex physicochemical transformations. Thus, the production of high-quality anodes depends, among others, on the efficient control of their baking process. This paper aims to investigate the evolution of some physical properties of the anode paste mixture during the baking process. These properties include the mass loss fraction, real and apparent densities, the ratio of apparent volume, the permeability, and porosities. For this purpose, experiments consisting of thermogravimetric analysis, dilatometry, air permeability, and helium-pycnometric measurements were carried out. The anode permeability at high temperatures was linked to the air permeability through a permeability correlator due to experimental limitations. Moreover, the real density at high temperatures was estimated by combining real densities of the coal tar pitch and coke aggre-gates. Different porosities, such as the open porosity and the closed porosity related to the pitch binder, were estimated by taking the permeability at high temperatures into account. In this context, the effect of the permeability correlator, which was introduced to link the permeability at high temperatures to the air permeability, was investigated through a sensitivity analysis. These results al-low an estimation of the shrinking index, a new variable introduced to reflect the baking level of the anode mixture, which is linked to the volatile that is released in both open and closed pores. Afterwards, the pore pressure inside closed pores in the coal tar pitch was estimated. The obtained results highlight some new insights related to the baking process of the anode mixture. Moreover, they pave the way for better modeling of the thermo-chemo-mechanical behavior of anodes at high temperatures.<br/> © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.},
key = {Anodes},
%keywords = {Mixtures;Molecular weight;Coal tar;Porosity;Pore pressure;Thermogravimetric analysis;Quality control;Pore structure;Sensitivity analysis;},
%note = {Aluminium production;Apparent density;Apparent volume;Efficient control;High temperature;Mechanical behavior;Physicochemical transformation;Pycnometric measurements;},
URL = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040923},
}
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Moreover, the real density at high temperatures was estimated by combining real densities of the coal tar pitch and coke aggre-gates. Different porosities, such as the open porosity and the closed porosity related to the pitch binder, were estimated by taking the permeability at high temperatures into account. In this context, the effect of the permeability correlator, which was introduced to link the permeability at high temperatures to the air permeability, was investigated through a sensitivity analysis. These results al-low an estimation of the shrinking index, a new variable introduced to reflect the baking level of the anode mixture, which is linked to the volatile that is released in both open and closed pores. Afterwards, the pore pressure inside closed pores in the coal tar pitch was estimated. The obtained results highlight some new insights related to the baking process of the anode mixture. 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