Pauses and hesitations: Psycholinguistic approach. Clark, H. H In Encyclopedia of Language & Linguistics, pages 244–248. Elsevier, Oxford, 2 edition, 2006.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Speakers pause, or delay, in speaking most often to deal with the extra time they need to choose a message, formulate an expression, retrieve a word, or correct an error. Speakers formulate delays as carefully as they formulate speech. They plan when and how to suspend speaking, for example, after the pronounced as thee. They sometimes insert comments, such as uh, um, I mean, and sorry, into the hiatus of a delay, and they plan when and how to resume speaking. Delays are most common as speakers plan larger units of language, with more delays the larger the unit. Still, delays can arise almost anywhere.
@incollection{clark_pauses_2006,
	Address = {Oxford},
	Author = {Clark, Herbert H},
	Booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Language \& Linguistics},
	Date = {2006},
	Date-Modified = {2018-05-14 06:25:09 +0000},
	Doi = {10.1016/B0-08-044854-2/00796-3},
	Edition = {2},
	Editor = {Brown, Keith},
	Keywords = {disfluencies, general, pauses, phonetics, prosody, psycholinguistics, speech production, temporal factors},
	Pages = {244--248},
	Publisher = {Elsevier},
	Title = {Pauses and hesitations: Psycholinguistic approach},
	Year = {2006},
	Abstract = {Speakers pause, or delay, in speaking most often to deal with the extra time they need to choose a message, formulate an expression, retrieve a word, or correct an error. Speakers formulate delays as carefully as they formulate speech. They plan when and how to suspend speaking, for example, after the pronounced as thee. They sometimes insert comments, such as uh, um, I mean, and sorry, into the hiatus of a delay, and they plan when and how to resume speaking. Delays are most common as speakers plan larger units of language, with more delays the larger the unit. Still, delays can arise almost anywhere.},
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