Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Davis, M. H. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44(1):113–126, 1983.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Describes the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and its relationships with measures of social functioning, self-esteem, emotionality, and sensitivity to others. 677 male and 667 female undergraduates served as Ss. Each of the 4 IRI subscales displayed a distinctive and predictable pattern of relationships with these measures, as well as with previous unidimensional empathy measures. Findings provide evidence for a multidimensional approach to empathy.
@Article{Davis1983,
  author   = {Mark H. Davis},
  journal  = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
  title    = {Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach.},
  year     = {1983},
  number   = {1},
  pages    = {113--126},
  volume   = {44},
  abstract = {Describes the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) and its relationships with measures of social functioning, self-esteem, emotionality, and sensitivity to others. 677 male and 667 female undergraduates served as Ss. Each of the 4 IRI subscales displayed a distinctive and predictable pattern of relationships with these measures, as well as with previous unidimensional empathy measures. Findings provide evidence for a multidimensional approach to empathy.},
  doi      = {10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.113},
  groups   = {Scales and tests},
}

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