Special Uses and Abuses of the Fiat-Shamir Passport Protocol. Desmedt, Y., Goutier, C., & Bengio, S. In Advances in Cryptology, Crypto, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, volume LNCS 293, pages 21–39, Santa Barbara, USA, 1988. Springer Verlag.
Special Uses and Abuses of the Fiat-Shamir Passport Protocol [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
If the physical description of a person would be unique and adequately used and tested, then the security of the fiat-shamir scheme is not based on zero-knowledge. otherwise some new frauds exist. the feige-fiat-shamir scheme always suffers from these frauds. using an extended notion of subliminal channels, several other undetectable abuses of the fiat-shamir protocol, which are not possible with ordinary passports, are discussed. this technique can be used by a terrorist sponsoring country to communicate 500 new words of secret information each time a tourist passport is verified. a non-trivial solution to avoid these subliminal channel problems is presented. the notion of relative zero-knowledge is introduced.
@inproceedings{desmedt:1988:crypto,
  author  = {Y. Desmedt and C. Goutier and S. Bengio},
  address  = {Santa Barbara, USA},
  booktitle  = {Advances in Cryptology, {Crypto}, Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
  volume = {LNCS 293},
  pages = {21--39},
  title    = {Special Uses and Abuses of the {F}iat-{S}hamir Passport Protocol},
  year    = 1988,
  publisher = {Springer Verlag},
  url = {publications/ps/desmedt_1988_crypto.ps.gz},
  pdf = {publications/pdf/desmedt_1988_crypto.pdf},
  djvu = {publications/djvu/desmedt_1988_crypto.djvu},
  original= {ps/desmedt_1988_crypto.ps.gz},
  web = {http://www.springerlink.com/link.asp?id=p396r1bxug8797yh},
  abstract = {If the physical description of a person would be unique and adequately used and tested,  then the security of the fiat-shamir scheme is  not based on  zero-knowledge. otherwise some new frauds exist. the feige-fiat-shamir scheme always suffers from these frauds. using an extended notion of subliminal channels, several other  undetectable abuses of the fiat-shamir protocol,  which are not possible with ordinary passports, are discussed. this technique can be used by a terrorist sponsoring country to communicate 500 new words of secret information each time a tourist passport is verified. a non-trivial solution to avoid these subliminal channel problems is presented. the notion of  relative zero-knowledge is introduced.},
  categorie  = {C}
}

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