Tri-decabrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in indoor air and dust from Stockholm microenvironments 2: indoor sources and human exposure. de Wit, C. A, Björklund, J. A., & Thuresson, K. Environment international, 39(1):141–7, February, 2012. ![Tri-decabrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in indoor air and dust from Stockholm microenvironments 2: indoor sources and human exposure. [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper doi abstract bibtex Data on polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) concentrations from Stockholm, Sweden, indoor microenvironments were combined with information from detailed questionnaires regarding the sampling location characteristics, including furnishing and equipment present. These were used to elucidate relationships between possible flame-retarded sources and the contaminant concentrations found in air and dust. Median concentration ranges of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD from all microenvironments were 19-570, 1.7-280, 29-3200 and \textless1.6-2 pg/m(3) in air and 22-240, 6.1-80, 330-1400 and 45-340 ng/g in dust, respectively. Significant correlations were found between concentrations of some PBDEs and HBCD in air and/or dust and the presence of electronic/electrical devices, foam furniture, PUF mattresses and synthetic bed pillows in, as well as floor area and construction year of the microenvironment. Car interiors were a source to indoor air in dealership halls. Using median and maximum concentrations of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD in air and dust, adult and toddler (12-24 months) intakes from inhalation and dust ingestion were estimated. Toddlers had higher estimated intakes of ΣPenta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD (7.8, 43, 7.6 ng/d, respectively) from dust ingestion than adults (5.8, 38, 6.0 ng/d, respectively). Air inhalation in offices was also an important exposure pathway for ΣPenta-, ΣOcta- and ΣDecaBDE in adults. For ΣPentaBDE and HBCD, air inhalation and dust ingestion play minor roles when compared to previously published Swedish dietary intakes (median exposures). However, in worst case scenarios using maximum concentrations, dust ingestion may represent 77 and 95% of toddler intake for ΣPentaBDE and HBCD, respectively.
@article{de_wit_tri-decabrominated_2012,
title = {Tri-decabrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in indoor air and dust from {Stockholm} microenvironments 2: indoor sources and human exposure.},
volume = {39},
issn = {1873-6750},
url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22208754},
doi = {10.1016/j.envint.2011.11.001},
abstract = {Data on polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) concentrations from Stockholm, Sweden, indoor microenvironments were combined with information from detailed questionnaires regarding the sampling location characteristics, including furnishing and equipment present. These were used to elucidate relationships between possible flame-retarded sources and the contaminant concentrations found in air and dust. Median concentration ranges of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD from all microenvironments were 19-570, 1.7-280, 29-3200 and {\textbackslash}textless1.6-2 pg/m(3) in air and 22-240, 6.1-80, 330-1400 and 45-340 ng/g in dust, respectively. Significant correlations were found between concentrations of some PBDEs and HBCD in air and/or dust and the presence of electronic/electrical devices, foam furniture, PUF mattresses and synthetic bed pillows in, as well as floor area and construction year of the microenvironment. Car interiors were a source to indoor air in dealership halls. Using median and maximum concentrations of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD in air and dust, adult and toddler (12-24 months) intakes from inhalation and dust ingestion were estimated. Toddlers had higher estimated intakes of ΣPenta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD (7.8, 43, 7.6 ng/d, respectively) from dust ingestion than adults (5.8, 38, 6.0 ng/d, respectively). Air inhalation in offices was also an important exposure pathway for ΣPenta-, ΣOcta- and ΣDecaBDE in adults. For ΣPentaBDE and HBCD, air inhalation and dust ingestion play minor roles when compared to previously published Swedish dietary intakes (median exposures). However, in worst case scenarios using maximum concentrations, dust ingestion may represent 77 and 95\% of toddler intake for ΣPentaBDE and HBCD, respectively.},
number = {1},
journal = {Environment international},
author = {de Wit, Cynthia A and Björklund, Justina Awasum and Thuresson, Kaj},
month = feb,
year = {2012},
pmid = {22208754},
keywords = {Adult, Air Pollutants, Air Pollutants: analysis, Air Pollution, Brominated, Brominated: analysis, Child, Dust, Dust: analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Flame Retardants: analysis, Flame retardants, Floors and Floorcoverings, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers: analysis, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Indoor, Indoor: analysis, Indoor: statistics \& numerical data, Infant, Inhalation Exposure, Inhalation Exposure: analysis, Inhalation Exposure: statistics \& numerical data, Male, Preschool, Sweden},
pages = {141--7},
}
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These were used to elucidate relationships between possible flame-retarded sources and the contaminant concentrations found in air and dust. Median concentration ranges of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD from all microenvironments were 19-570, 1.7-280, 29-3200 and \\textless1.6-2 pg/m(3) in air and 22-240, 6.1-80, 330-1400 and 45-340 ng/g in dust, respectively. Significant correlations were found between concentrations of some PBDEs and HBCD in air and/or dust and the presence of electronic/electrical devices, foam furniture, PUF mattresses and synthetic bed pillows in, as well as floor area and construction year of the microenvironment. Car interiors were a source to indoor air in dealership halls. Using median and maximum concentrations of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD in air and dust, adult and toddler (12-24 months) intakes from inhalation and dust ingestion were estimated. Toddlers had higher estimated intakes of ΣPenta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD (7.8, 43, 7.6 ng/d, respectively) from dust ingestion than adults (5.8, 38, 6.0 ng/d, respectively). Air inhalation in offices was also an important exposure pathway for ΣPenta-, ΣOcta- and ΣDecaBDE in adults. For ΣPentaBDE and HBCD, air inhalation and dust ingestion play minor roles when compared to previously published Swedish dietary intakes (median exposures). However, in worst case scenarios using maximum concentrations, dust ingestion may represent 77 and 95% of toddler intake for ΣPentaBDE and HBCD, respectively.","number":"1","journal":"Environment international","author":[{"propositions":["de"],"lastnames":["Wit"],"firstnames":["Cynthia","A"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Björklund"],"firstnames":["Justina","Awasum"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Thuresson"],"firstnames":["Kaj"],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"February","year":"2012","pmid":"22208754","keywords":"Adult, Air Pollutants, Air Pollutants: analysis, Air Pollution, Brominated, Brominated: analysis, Child, Dust, Dust: analysis, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Flame Retardants: analysis, Flame retardants, Floors and Floorcoverings, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers: analysis, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Indoor, Indoor: analysis, Indoor: statistics & numerical data, Infant, Inhalation Exposure, Inhalation Exposure: analysis, Inhalation Exposure: statistics & numerical data, Male, Preschool, Sweden","pages":"141–7","bibtex":"@article{de_wit_tri-decabrominated_2012,\n\ttitle = {Tri-decabrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in indoor air and dust from {Stockholm} microenvironments 2: indoor sources and human exposure.},\n\tvolume = {39},\n\tissn = {1873-6750},\n\turl = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22208754},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.envint.2011.11.001},\n\tabstract = {Data on polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) concentrations from Stockholm, Sweden, indoor microenvironments were combined with information from detailed questionnaires regarding the sampling location characteristics, including furnishing and equipment present. These were used to elucidate relationships between possible flame-retarded sources and the contaminant concentrations found in air and dust. Median concentration ranges of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD from all microenvironments were 19-570, 1.7-280, 29-3200 and {\\textbackslash}textless1.6-2 pg/m(3) in air and 22-240, 6.1-80, 330-1400 and 45-340 ng/g in dust, respectively. Significant correlations were found between concentrations of some PBDEs and HBCD in air and/or dust and the presence of electronic/electrical devices, foam furniture, PUF mattresses and synthetic bed pillows in, as well as floor area and construction year of the microenvironment. Car interiors were a source to indoor air in dealership halls. Using median and maximum concentrations of ΣPenta-, ΣOcta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD in air and dust, adult and toddler (12-24 months) intakes from inhalation and dust ingestion were estimated. Toddlers had higher estimated intakes of ΣPenta-, ΣDecaBDE and HBCD (7.8, 43, 7.6 ng/d, respectively) from dust ingestion than adults (5.8, 38, 6.0 ng/d, respectively). Air inhalation in offices was also an important exposure pathway for ΣPenta-, ΣOcta- and ΣDecaBDE in adults. For ΣPentaBDE and HBCD, air inhalation and dust ingestion play minor roles when compared to previously published Swedish dietary intakes (median exposures). 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