White Fragility

White Fragility. DiAngelo, R. The International Journal of Critical Pedagogy, May, 2011.

White people in North America live in a social environment that protects and insulates them from race-based stress. This insulated environment of racial protection builds white expectations for racial comfort while at the same time lowering the ability to tolerate racial stress, leading to what I refer to as White Fragility. White Fragility is a state in which even a minimum amount of racial stress becomes intolerable, triggering a range of defensive moves. These moves include the outward display of emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and behaviors such as argumentation, silence, and leaving the stress-inducing situation. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium. This paper explicates the dynamics of White Fragility.

@article{diangelo_white_2011,
	title = {White {Fragility}},
	volume = {3},
	copyright = {Copyright (c)},
	issn = {2157-1074},
	url = {http://libjournal.uncg.edu/ijcp/article/view/249},
	abstract = {White people in North America live in a social environment that protects and insulates them from race-based stress. This insulated environment of racial protection builds white expectations for racial comfort while at the same time lowering the ability to tolerate racial stress, leading to what I refer to as White Fragility. White Fragility is a state in which even a minimum amount of racial stress becomes intolerable, triggering a range of defensive moves. These moves include the outward display of emotions such as anger, fear, and guilt, and behaviors such as argumentation, silence, and leaving the stress-inducing situation. These behaviors, in turn, function to reinstate white racial equilibrium. This paper explicates the dynamics of White Fragility.},
	language = {en},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2018-07-17},
	journal = {The International Journal of Critical Pedagogy},
	author = {DiAngelo, Robin},
	month = may,
	year = {2011},
	keywords = {DRI early research 2007-2021, DRI zotero, Lawrence\_Parents Involved chapter, QJS draft citations, book revision 2025—early citations, race and education article, race and education article submission citations},
}

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