@article{pop00182,
abstract = {Two types of high-voltage-activated calcium currents were identified in whole-cell voltage-clam recordings of the neuroendocrine caudodorsal cells, which control egg-laying in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The currents were: (i) a rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current, with an activation threshold of -40 mV and maximal amplitude at +10 mV; and (ii) a slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current, with a threshold of -10 mV and a peak at +30 mV. Both currents were reduced by nifedipine and verapamil, but not by $\omega$-conotoxin GVIA, suggesting that they belong to the L-type family of calcium currents. The voltage-dependence of inactivation of the rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was bell-shaped. Time-constants of inactivation ranged from 10 to 25 ms. Steady-state inactivation was characterized by a potential of half maximal inactivation of -21.7 ± 3.4 mV and a slope factor of 8.1 ± 1.7 mV. The voltage-dependence of inactivation of the slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was S-shaped. Time-constants of inactivation increased with depolarization up to a maximum of 300 ms. The steady-state inactivation parameters were a potential of half maximal inactivation of +6.8 ± 2.2 mV and a slope factor of 6.0 ± 1.1 mV. The membrane-permeable analog of cAMP, 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP, predominantly increased the slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current, and shifted its voltage-dependence of activation and inactivation 10 mV to the left. The rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was slightly increased by 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP. 8-Bromo-cyclic GMP and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate, had qualitatively similar effects. Both agents enhanced the rapidly inactivating current and, to a lesser degree, the slowly inactivating current, without affecting their voltage-dependence. The cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, Walsh inhibitor peptide, antagonized the stimulating effect of 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP. The broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methyl-piperazine (H-7) strongly attenuated the effects of 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP, 8-bromo-cyclic GMP and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate, suggesting that all treatments increase both types of high-voltage-activated calcium currents through phosphorylation of the channel-complex. {\textcopyright} 1995.},
annote = {Query date: 2020-06-29 13:05:30},
author = {Dreijer, Ang{\'{e}}lique M.C. and Kits, K.S.},
doi = {10.1016/0306-4522(94)00446-C},
issn = {03064522},
journal = {Neuroscience},
month = {feb},
number = {3},
pages = {787--800},
publisher = {Elsevier},
title = {{Multiple second messenger routes enhance two high-voltage-activated calcium currents in molluscan neuroendocrine cells}},
type = {HTML},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030645229400446C https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/030645229400446C},
volume = {64},
year = {1995}
}

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The voltage-dependence of inactivation of the rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was bell-shaped. Time-constants of inactivation ranged from 10 to 25 ms. Steady-state inactivation was characterized by a potential of half maximal inactivation of -21.7 ± 3.4 mV and a slope factor of 8.1 ± 1.7 mV. The voltage-dependence of inactivation of the slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was S-shaped. Time-constants of inactivation increased with depolarization up to a maximum of 300 ms. The steady-state inactivation parameters were a potential of half maximal inactivation of +6.8 ± 2.2 mV and a slope factor of 6.0 ± 1.1 mV. The membrane-permeable analog of cAMP, 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP, predominantly increased the slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current, and shifted its voltage-dependence of activation and inactivation 10 mV to the left. The rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was slightly increased by 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP. 8-Bromo-cyclic GMP and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate, had qualitatively similar effects. Both agents enhanced the rapidly inactivating current and, to a lesser degree, the slowly inactivating current, without affecting their voltage-dependence. The cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, Walsh inhibitor peptide, antagonized the stimulating effect of 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP. The broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methyl-piperazine (H-7) strongly attenuated the effects of 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP, 8-bromo-cyclic GMP and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate, suggesting that all treatments increase both types of high-voltage-activated calcium currents through phosphorylation of the channel-complex. © 1995.","annote":"Query date: 2020-06-29 13:05:30","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Dreijer"],"firstnames":["Angélique","M.C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kits"],"firstnames":["K.S."],"suffixes":[]}],"doi":"10.1016/0306-4522(94)00446-C","issn":"03064522","journal":"Neuroscience","month":"feb","number":"3","pages":"787–800","publisher":"Elsevier","title":"Multiple second messenger routes enhance two high-voltage-activated calcium currents in molluscan neuroendocrine cells","url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030645229400446C https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/030645229400446C","volume":"64","year":"1995","bibtex":"@article{pop00182,\nabstract = {Two types of high-voltage-activated calcium currents were identified in whole-cell voltage-clam recordings of the neuroendocrine caudodorsal cells, which control egg-laying in the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis. The currents were: (i) a rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current, with an activation threshold of -40 mV and maximal amplitude at +10 mV; and (ii) a slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current, with a threshold of -10 mV and a peak at +30 mV. Both currents were reduced by nifedipine and verapamil, but not by $\\omega$-conotoxin GVIA, suggesting that they belong to the L-type family of calcium currents. The voltage-dependence of inactivation of the rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was bell-shaped. Time-constants of inactivation ranged from 10 to 25 ms. Steady-state inactivation was characterized by a potential of half maximal inactivation of -21.7 ± 3.4 mV and a slope factor of 8.1 ± 1.7 mV. The voltage-dependence of inactivation of the slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was S-shaped. Time-constants of inactivation increased with depolarization up to a maximum of 300 ms. The steady-state inactivation parameters were a potential of half maximal inactivation of +6.8 ± 2.2 mV and a slope factor of 6.0 ± 1.1 mV. The membrane-permeable analog of cAMP, 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP, predominantly increased the slowly inactivating high-voltage-activated current, and shifted its voltage-dependence of activation and inactivation 10 mV to the left. The rapidly inactivating high-voltage-activated current was slightly increased by 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP. 8-Bromo-cyclic GMP and the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate, had qualitatively similar effects. Both agents enhanced the rapidly inactivating current and, to a lesser degree, the slowly inactivating current, without affecting their voltage-dependence. The cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, Walsh inhibitor peptide, antagonized the stimulating effect of 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP. The broad-spectrum protein kinase inhibitor 1-(5-isoquinolinylsulfonyl)-2-methyl-piperazine (H-7) strongly attenuated the effects of 8-chlorophenylthio-cyclic AMP, 8-bromo-cyclic GMP and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-13-phorbol acetate, suggesting that all treatments increase both types of high-voltage-activated calcium currents through phosphorylation of the channel-complex. {\\textcopyright} 1995.},\nannote = {Query date: 2020-06-29 13:05:30},\nauthor = {Dreijer, Ang{\\'{e}}lique M.C. and Kits, K.S.},\ndoi = {10.1016/0306-4522(94)00446-C},\nissn = {03064522},\njournal = {Neuroscience},\nmonth = {feb},\nnumber = {3},\npages = {787--800},\npublisher = {Elsevier},\ntitle = {{Multiple second messenger routes enhance two high-voltage-activated calcium currents in molluscan neuroendocrine cells}},\ntype = {HTML},\nurl = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030645229400446C https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/030645229400446C},\nvolume = {64},\nyear = {1995}\n}\n","author_short":["Dreijer, A. 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