Visualization experiment of complex flow field in a sphere-packed pipe by detailed PIV measurement. Ebara, S., Nematollahi, M. R., & Hashizume, H. Fusion Engineering and Design, 89(7–8):1251–1256, October, 2014.
Visualization experiment of complex flow field in a sphere-packed pipe by detailed PIV measurement [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
A sphere-packed pipe has been proposed as a heat transfer promoter for the first wall cooling in a Flibe blanket. In this study, the flow field in a sphere-packed pipe was well investigated by means of two-dimensional PIV method by matching refractive index of a channel material and working fluid. Three-dimensional flow structure was clarified by integrating the obtained data. The feature of the flow was tortuous high-velocity region formed near pebbles and large velocity fluctuation in the vicinity of the channel wall. And, to apply this flow structure to the actual first wall cooling, a new cooling system using finger-stacked structure was proposed and discussed.
@article{ebara_visualization_2014,
	series = {Proceedings of the 11th {International} {Symposium} on {Fusion} {Nuclear} {Technology}-11 ({ISFNT}-11) {Barcelona}, {Spain}, 15-20 {September}, 2013},
	title = {Visualization experiment of complex flow field in a sphere-packed pipe by detailed {PIV} measurement},
	volume = {89},
	issn = {0920-3796},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920379614002580},
	doi = {10.1016/j.fusengdes.2014.03.079},
	abstract = {A sphere-packed pipe has been proposed as a heat transfer promoter for the first wall cooling in a Flibe blanket. In this study, the flow field in a sphere-packed pipe was well investigated by means of two-dimensional PIV method by matching refractive index of a channel material and working fluid. Three-dimensional flow structure was clarified by integrating the obtained data. The feature of the flow was tortuous high-velocity region formed near pebbles and large velocity fluctuation in the vicinity of the channel wall. And, to apply this flow structure to the actual first wall cooling, a new cooling system using finger-stacked structure was proposed and discussed.},
	number = {7–8},
	urldate = {2017-04-02TZ},
	journal = {Fusion Engineering and Design},
	author = {Ebara, Shinji and Nematollahi, Mohammad Reza and Hashizume, Hidetoshi},
	month = oct,
	year = {2014},
	keywords = {Flibe blanket, Flow visualization, Heat transfer enhancement, Sphere-packed pipe},
	pages = {1251--1256}
}

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