@article{RN244,
   author = {Edd, J. F. and Horowitz, L. and Davalos, R. V. and Mir, L. M. and Rubinsky, B.},
   title = {In vivo results of a new focal tissue ablation technique: irreversible electroporation},
   journal = {IEEE Trans Biomed Eng},
   volume = {53},
   number = {7},
   pages = {1409-15},
   note = {Edd, Jon F
Horowitz, Liana
Davalos, Rafael V
Mir, Lluis M
Rubinsky, Boris
5R01RR1459/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
United States
2006/07/13
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2006 Jul;53(7):1409-15. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2006.873745.},
   abstract = {This paper reports results of in vivo experiments that confirm the feasibility of a new minimally invasive method for tissue ablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE). Electroporation is the generation of a destabilizing electric potential across biological membranes that causes the formation of nanoscale defects in the lipid bilayer. In IRE, these defects are permanent and lead to cell death. This paper builds on our earlier theoretical work and demonstrates that IRE can become an effective method for nonthermal tissue ablation requiring no drugs. To test the capability of IRE pulses to ablate tissue in a controlled fashion, we subjected the livers of male Sprague-Dawley rats to a single 20-ms-long square pulse of 1000 V/cm, which calculations had predicted would cause nonthermal IRE. Three hours after the pulse, treated areas in perfusion-fixed livers exhibited microvascular occlusion, endothelial cell necrosis, and diapedeses, resulting in ischemic damage to parenchyma and massive pooling of erythrocytes in sinusoids. However, large blood vessel architecture was preserved. Hepatocytes displayed blurred cell borders, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, variable pyknosis and vacuolar degeneration. Mathematical analysis indicates that this damage was primarily nonthermal in nature and that sharp borders between affected and unaffected regions corresponded to electric fields of 300-500 V/cm.},
   keywords = {Animals
Catheter Ablation/*methods
Computer Simulation
Electroporation/*methods
Hepatectomy/*methods
Liver/*pathology/*surgery
Male
*Models, Biological
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Treatment Outcome},
   ISSN = {0018-9294 (Print)
0018-9294},
   DOI = {10.1109/tbme.2006.873745},
   year = {2006},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

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M.","Rubinsky, B."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"Journal Article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Edd"],"firstnames":["J.","F."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Horowitz"],"firstnames":["L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Davalos"],"firstnames":["R.","V."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Mir"],"firstnames":["L.","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rubinsky"],"firstnames":["B."],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"In vivo results of a new focal tissue ablation technique: irreversible electroporation","journal":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng","volume":"53","number":"7","pages":"1409-15","note":"Edd, Jon F Horowitz, Liana Davalos, Rafael V Mir, Lluis M Rubinsky, Boris 5R01RR1459/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural United States 2006/07/13 IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2006 Jul;53(7):1409-15. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2006.873745.","abstract":"This paper reports results of in vivo experiments that confirm the feasibility of a new minimally invasive method for tissue ablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE). Electroporation is the generation of a destabilizing electric potential across biological membranes that causes the formation of nanoscale defects in the lipid bilayer. In IRE, these defects are permanent and lead to cell death. This paper builds on our earlier theoretical work and demonstrates that IRE can become an effective method for nonthermal tissue ablation requiring no drugs. To test the capability of IRE pulses to ablate tissue in a controlled fashion, we subjected the livers of male Sprague-Dawley rats to a single 20-ms-long square pulse of 1000 V/cm, which calculations had predicted would cause nonthermal IRE. Three hours after the pulse, treated areas in perfusion-fixed livers exhibited microvascular occlusion, endothelial cell necrosis, and diapedeses, resulting in ischemic damage to parenchyma and massive pooling of erythrocytes in sinusoids. However, large blood vessel architecture was preserved. Hepatocytes displayed blurred cell borders, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, variable pyknosis and vacuolar degeneration. Mathematical analysis indicates that this damage was primarily nonthermal in nature and that sharp borders between affected and unaffected regions corresponded to electric fields of 300-500 V/cm.","keywords":"Animals Catheter Ablation/*methods Computer Simulation Electroporation/*methods Hepatectomy/*methods Liver/*pathology/*surgery Male *Models, Biological Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Treatment Outcome","issn":"0018-9294 (Print) 0018-9294","doi":"10.1109/tbme.2006.873745","year":"2006","bibtex":"@article{RN244,\n author = {Edd, J. F. and Horowitz, L. and Davalos, R. V. and Mir, L. M. and Rubinsky, B.},\n title = {In vivo results of a new focal tissue ablation technique: irreversible electroporation},\n journal = {IEEE Trans Biomed Eng},\n volume = {53},\n number = {7},\n pages = {1409-15},\n note = {Edd, Jon F\nHorowitz, Liana\nDavalos, Rafael V\nMir, Lluis M\nRubinsky, Boris\n5R01RR1459/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States\nJournal Article\nResearch Support, N.I.H., Extramural\nUnited States\n2006/07/13\nIEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2006 Jul;53(7):1409-15. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2006.873745.},\n abstract = {This paper reports results of in vivo experiments that confirm the feasibility of a new minimally invasive method for tissue ablation, irreversible electroporation (IRE). Electroporation is the generation of a destabilizing electric potential across biological membranes that causes the formation of nanoscale defects in the lipid bilayer. In IRE, these defects are permanent and lead to cell death. This paper builds on our earlier theoretical work and demonstrates that IRE can become an effective method for nonthermal tissue ablation requiring no drugs. To test the capability of IRE pulses to ablate tissue in a controlled fashion, we subjected the livers of male Sprague-Dawley rats to a single 20-ms-long square pulse of 1000 V/cm, which calculations had predicted would cause nonthermal IRE. Three hours after the pulse, treated areas in perfusion-fixed livers exhibited microvascular occlusion, endothelial cell necrosis, and diapedeses, resulting in ischemic damage to parenchyma and massive pooling of erythrocytes in sinusoids. However, large blood vessel architecture was preserved. Hepatocytes displayed blurred cell borders, pale eosinophilic cytoplasm, variable pyknosis and vacuolar degeneration. 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