Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: heterogeneity over space and time. Elmendorf, S. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Björk, R. G., Bjorkman, A. D., Callaghan, T. V., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Day, T. A., Fosaa, A. M., Gould, W. A., Grétarsdóttir, J., Harte, J., Hermanutz, L., Hik, D. S., Hofgaard, A., Jarrad, F., Jónsdóttir, I. S., Keuper, F., Klanderud, K., Klein, J. A., Koh, S., Kudo, G., Lang, S. I., Loewen, V., May, J. L., Mercado, J., Michelsen, A., Molau, U., Myers-Smith, I. H., Oberbauer, S. F., Pieper, S., Post, E., Rixen, C., Robinson, C. H., Schmidt, N. M., Shaver, G. R., Stenström, A., Tolvanen, A., Totland, Ø., Troxler, T., Wahren, C., Webber, P. J., Welker, J. M., & Wookey, P. A. Ecology Letters, 15(2):164–175, February, 2012.
Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: heterogeneity over space and time [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Ecology Letters (2011) Abstract Understanding the sensitivity of tundra vegetation to climate warming is critical to forecasting future biodiversity and vegetation feedbacks to climate. In situ warming experiments accelerate climate change on a small scale to forecast responses of local plant communities. Limitations of this approach include the apparent site-specificity of results and uncertainty about the power of short-term studies to anticipate longer term change. We address these issues with a synthesis of 61 experimental warming studies, of up to 20 years duration, in tundra sites worldwide. The response of plant groups to warming often differed with ambient summer temperature, soil moisture and experimental duration. Shrubs increased with warming only where ambient temperature was high, whereas graminoids increased primarily in the coldest study sites. Linear increases in effect size over time were frequently observed. There was little indication of saturating or accelerating effects, as would be predicted if negative or positive vegetation feedbacks were common. These results indicate that tundra vegetation exhibits strong regional variation in response to warming, and that in vulnerable regions, cumulative effects of long-term warming on tundra vegetation – and associated ecosystem consequences – have the potential to be much greater than we have observed to date.
@article{elmendorf_global_2012,
	title = {Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: heterogeneity over space and time},
	volume = {15},
	copyright = {© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/CNRS},
	issn = {1461-0248},
	shorttitle = {Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation},
	url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.proxy.ub.umu.se/doi/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01716.x/abstract},
	doi = {10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01716.x},
	abstract = {Ecology Letters (2011) 
Abstract
Understanding the sensitivity of tundra vegetation to climate warming is critical to forecasting future biodiversity and vegetation feedbacks to climate. In situ warming experiments accelerate climate change on a small scale to forecast responses of local plant communities. Limitations of this approach include the apparent site-specificity of results and uncertainty about the power of short-term studies to anticipate longer term change. We address these issues with a synthesis of 61 experimental warming studies, of up to 20 years duration, in tundra sites worldwide. The response of plant groups to warming often differed with ambient summer temperature, soil moisture and experimental duration. Shrubs increased with warming only where ambient temperature was high, whereas graminoids increased primarily in the coldest study sites. Linear increases in effect size over time were frequently observed. There was little indication of saturating or accelerating effects, as would be predicted if negative or positive vegetation feedbacks were common. These results indicate that tundra vegetation exhibits strong regional variation in response to warming, and that in vulnerable regions, cumulative effects of long-term warming on tundra vegetation – and associated ecosystem consequences – have the potential to be much greater than we have observed to date.},
	language = {en},
	number = {2},
	urldate = {2015-10-04},
	journal = {Ecology Letters},
	author = {Elmendorf, Sarah C. and Henry, Gregory H. R. and Hollister, Robert D. and Björk, Robert G. and Bjorkman, Anne D. and Callaghan, Terry V. and Collier, Laura Siegwart and Cooper, Elisabeth J. and Cornelissen, Johannes H. C. and Day, Thomas A. and Fosaa, Anna Maria and Gould, William A. and Grétarsdóttir, Járngerður and Harte, John and Hermanutz, Luise and Hik, David S. and Hofgaard, Annika and Jarrad, Frith and Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg Svala and Keuper, Frida and Klanderud, Kari and Klein, Julia A. and Koh, Saewan and Kudo, Gaku and Lang, Simone I. and Loewen, Val and May, Jeremy L. and Mercado, Joel and Michelsen, Anders and Molau, Ulf and Myers-Smith, Isla H. and Oberbauer, Steven F. and Pieper, Sara and Post, Eric and Rixen, Christian and Robinson, Clare H. and Schmidt, Niels Martin and Shaver, Gaius R. and Stenström, Anna and Tolvanen, Anne and Totland, Ørjan and Troxler, Tiffany and Wahren, Carl-Henrik and Webber, Patrick J. and Welker, Jeffery M. and Wookey, Philip A.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2012},
	keywords = {\#nosource, Arctic, Plants, alpine, climate warming, long-term experiment, meta-analysis},
	pages = {164--175},
}
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