The mentality of crows: Convergent evolution of intelligence in corvids and apes. Emery, N. J & Clayton, N. S Science, 306(5703):1903-7, 2004. doi abstract bibtex Discussions of the evolution of intelligence have focused on monkeys and apes because of their close evolutionary relationship to humans. Other large-brained social animals, such as corvids, also understand their physical and social worlds. Here we review recent studies of tool manufacture, mental time travel, and social cognition in corvids, and suggest that complex cognition depends on a "tool kit" consisting of causal reasoning, flexibility, imagination, and prospection. Because corvids and apes share these cognitive tools, we argue that complex cognitive abilities evolved multiple times in distantly related species with vastly different brain structures in order to solve similar socioecological problems.
@Article{Emery2004,
author = {Nathan J Emery and Nicola S Clayton},
journal = {Science},
title = {The mentality of crows: {C}onvergent evolution of intelligence in corvids and apes.},
year = {2004},
number = {5703},
pages = {1903-7},
volume = {306},
abstract = {Discussions of the evolution of intelligence have focused on monkeys
and apes because of their close evolutionary relationship to humans.
Other large-brained social animals, such as corvids, also understand
their physical and social worlds. Here we review recent studies of
tool manufacture, mental time travel, and social cognition in corvids,
and suggest that complex cognition depends on a "tool kit" consisting
of causal reasoning, flexibility, imagination, and prospection. Because
corvids and apes share these cognitive tools, we argue that complex
cognitive abilities evolved multiple times in distantly related species
with vastly different brain structures in order to solve similar
socioecological problems.},
doi = {10.1126/science.1098410},
keywords = {Animals, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Cognition, Crows, Evolution, Hominidae, Imagination, Intelligence, Memory, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Social Behavior, 15591194},
}
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