Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions - Our Life Insurance, Our Natural Capital: An EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020. European Commission Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament. ![Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions - Our Life Insurance, Our Natural Capital: An EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper abstract bibtex [Excerpt] Biodiversity – the extraordinary variety of ecosystems, species and genes that surround us – is our life insurance, giving us food, fresh water and clean air, shelter and medicine, mitigating natural disasters, pests and diseases and contributes to regulating the climate. Biodiversity is also our natural capital, delivering ecosystem services that underpin our economy. Its deterioration and loss jeopardises the provision of these services: we lose species and habitats and the wealth and employment we derive from nature, and endanger our own wellbeing. This makes biodiversity loss the most critical global environmental threat alongside climate change – and the two are inextricably linked. While biodiversity makes a key contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation, achieving the '2 degrees' target coupled with adequate adaptation measures to reduce the impacts of unavoidable effects of climate change are also essential to avert biodiversity loss. Current rates of species extinction are unparalleled. Driven mainly by human activities, species are currently being lost 100 to 1,000 times faster than the natural rate: according to the FAO, 60\,% of the world's ecosystems are degraded or used unsustainably; 75\,% of fish stocks are over-exploited or significantly depleted and 75\,% of the genetic diversity of agricultural crops has been lost worldwide since 1990. An estimated 13 million hectares of tropical forests are cleared each year [1] and 20\,% of the world's tropical coral reefs have already disappeared, while 95\,% will be at risk of destruction or extreme damage by 2050 if climate change continues unabated [2]. In the EU, only 17 % of habitats and species and 11 % of key ecosystems protected under EU legislation are in a favourable state [3]. This is in spite of action taken to combat biodiversity loss, particularly since the EU 2010 biodiversity target was set in 2001. The benefits of these actions have been outweighed by continued and growing pressures on Europe's biodiversity: land-use change, over-exploitation of biodiversity and its components, the spread of invasive alien species, pollution and climate change have either remained constant or are increasing. Indirect drivers, such as population growth, limited awareness about biodiversity and the fact that biodiversity's economic value is not reflected in decision making are also taking a heavy toll on biodiversity. This strategy is aimed at reversing biodiversity loss and speeding up the EU's transition towards a resource efficient and green economy. It is an integral part of the Europe 2020 Strategy [4], and in particular the resource efficient Europe flagship initiative [5].
@book{europeancommissionCommunicationCommissionEuropean2011,
title = {Communication from the {{Commission}} to the {{European Parliament}}, the {{Council}}, the {{Economic}} and {{Social Committee}} and the {{Committee}} of the {{Regions}} - {{Our}} Life Insurance, Our Natural Capital: An {{EU}} Biodiversity Strategy to 2020},
author = {{European Commission}},
date = {2011},
publisher = {{Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament}},
url = {http://mfkp.org/INRMM/article/13426212},
abstract = {[Excerpt] Biodiversity -- the extraordinary variety of ecosystems, species and genes that surround us -- is our life insurance, giving us food, fresh water and clean air, shelter and medicine, mitigating natural disasters, pests and diseases and contributes to regulating the climate. Biodiversity is also our natural capital, delivering ecosystem services that underpin our economy. Its deterioration and loss jeopardises the provision of these services: we lose species and habitats and the wealth and employment we derive from nature, and endanger our own wellbeing. This makes biodiversity loss the most critical global environmental threat alongside climate change -- and the two are inextricably linked. While biodiversity makes a key contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation, achieving the '2 degrees' target coupled with adequate adaptation measures to reduce the impacts of unavoidable effects of climate change are also essential to avert biodiversity loss.
Current rates of species extinction are unparalleled. Driven mainly by human activities, species are currently being lost 100 to 1,000 times faster than the natural rate: according to the FAO, 60\,\% of the world's ecosystems are degraded or used unsustainably; 75\,\% of fish stocks are over-exploited or significantly depleted and 75\,\% of the genetic diversity of agricultural crops has been lost worldwide since 1990. An estimated 13 million hectares of tropical forests are cleared each year [1] and 20\,\% of the world's tropical coral reefs have already disappeared, while 95\,\% will be at risk of destruction or extreme damage by 2050 if climate change continues unabated [2].
In the EU, only 17 \% of habitats and species and 11 \% of key ecosystems protected under EU legislation are in a favourable state [3]. This is in spite of action taken to combat biodiversity loss, particularly since the EU 2010 biodiversity target was set in 2001. The benefits of these actions have been outweighed by continued and growing pressures on Europe's biodiversity: land-use change, over-exploitation of biodiversity and its components, the spread of invasive alien species, pollution and climate change have either remained constant or are increasing. Indirect drivers, such as population growth, limited awareness about biodiversity and the fact that biodiversity's economic value is not reflected in decision making are also taking a heavy toll on biodiversity.
This strategy is aimed at reversing biodiversity loss and speeding up the EU's transition towards a resource efficient and green economy. It is an integral part of the Europe 2020 Strategy [4], and in particular the resource efficient Europe flagship initiative [5].},
keywords = {*imported-from-citeulike-INRMM,~INRMM-MiD:c-13426212,biodiversity,environmental-policy,europe,european-commission,legislation},
number = {COM(2011) 244 final}
}
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Biodiversity is also our natural capital, delivering ecosystem services that underpin our economy. Its deterioration and loss jeopardises the provision of these services: we lose species and habitats and the wealth and employment we derive from nature, and endanger our own wellbeing. This makes biodiversity loss the most critical global environmental threat alongside climate change – and the two are inextricably linked. While biodiversity makes a key contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation, achieving the '2 degrees' target coupled with adequate adaptation measures to reduce the impacts of unavoidable effects of climate change are also essential to avert biodiversity loss. Current rates of species extinction are unparalleled. Driven mainly by human activities, species are currently being lost 100 to 1,000 times faster than the natural rate: according to the FAO, 60\\,% of the world's ecosystems are degraded or used unsustainably; 75\\,% of fish stocks are over-exploited or significantly depleted and 75\\,% of the genetic diversity of agricultural crops has been lost worldwide since 1990. An estimated 13 million hectares of tropical forests are cleared each year [1] and 20\\,% of the world's tropical coral reefs have already disappeared, while 95\\,% will be at risk of destruction or extreme damage by 2050 if climate change continues unabated [2]. In the EU, only 17 % of habitats and species and 11 % of key ecosystems protected under EU legislation are in a favourable state [3]. This is in spite of action taken to combat biodiversity loss, particularly since the EU 2010 biodiversity target was set in 2001. The benefits of these actions have been outweighed by continued and growing pressures on Europe's biodiversity: land-use change, over-exploitation of biodiversity and its components, the spread of invasive alien species, pollution and climate change have either remained constant or are increasing. Indirect drivers, such as population growth, limited awareness about biodiversity and the fact that biodiversity's economic value is not reflected in decision making are also taking a heavy toll on biodiversity. This strategy is aimed at reversing biodiversity loss and speeding up the EU's transition towards a resource efficient and green economy. 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Biodiversity is also our natural capital, delivering ecosystem services that underpin our economy. Its deterioration and loss jeopardises the provision of these services: we lose species and habitats and the wealth and employment we derive from nature, and endanger our own wellbeing. This makes biodiversity loss the most critical global environmental threat alongside climate change -- and the two are inextricably linked. While biodiversity makes a key contribution to climate change mitigation and adaptation, achieving the '2 degrees' target coupled with adequate adaptation measures to reduce the impacts of unavoidable effects of climate change are also essential to avert biodiversity loss.\n\nCurrent rates of species extinction are unparalleled. Driven mainly by human activities, species are currently being lost 100 to 1,000 times faster than the natural rate: according to the FAO, 60\\,\\% of the world's ecosystems are degraded or used unsustainably; 75\\,\\% of fish stocks are over-exploited or significantly depleted and 75\\,\\% of the genetic diversity of agricultural crops has been lost worldwide since 1990. An estimated 13 million hectares of tropical forests are cleared each year [1] and 20\\,\\% of the world's tropical coral reefs have already disappeared, while 95\\,\\% will be at risk of destruction or extreme damage by 2050 if climate change continues unabated [2].\n\nIn the EU, only 17 \\% of habitats and species and 11 \\% of key ecosystems protected under EU legislation are in a favourable state [3]. This is in spite of action taken to combat biodiversity loss, particularly since the EU 2010 biodiversity target was set in 2001. 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