Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis in pediatric patients: multidisciplinary assessment and effects of therapeutic intervention. Fagundes S.N., Lebl A.S., Azevedo Soster L., Sousa e Silva G.J., Silvares E.F.M., & Koch V.H. 2017.
Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis in pediatric patients: multidisciplinary assessment and effects of therapeutic intervention [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
Background: Few studies manage patients with isolated monosymptomatic enuresis (MNE) with multidisciplinary evaluation and pre- and long-term post-intervention monitoring. Methods: This was a prospective study of MNE patients, aged 6-16 years, diagnosed by multidisciplinary assessment. Of the 140 initial applicants (58.6%) with MNE, 82 were included in the study and randomized for therapeutic intervention in three treatment groups, namely: alarm, desmopressin and alarm + desmopressin. Therapeutic response was evaluated 12 months after treatment withdrawal. Results: Of the 82 patients [mean age 9.5 (SD +/- 2.6) years, n = 62 males (75.6%)], 91.1% had a family history of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in first-/second-degree relatives, 81.7% had constipation and 40.7% had mild-to-moderate apnea. Prior to randomization, management of constipation and urotherapy led to remission in seven of the 82 patients; 75 patients were randomized to intervention. There were 14/75 (18.7%) dropouts during the intervention, especially in the alarm group (p = 0.00). Initial complete/partial response was achieved in 56.6% of the alarm group, 70% of the desmopressin group and 64% in the combined group (p = 0.26). Continued success occurred in 70% of the alarm group, 84.2% of the desmopressin group and 100% of the combined group (p = 0.21). Recurrence occurred in 3/20 (15%) patients in the alarm group and 1/19 (5.2 %) patients of the desmopressin group. Post-intervention Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and PedsQL 4.0 scores showed significant improvement. Conclusions: The three therapeutic modalities were effective in managing MNE with low relapse rates; the alarm group showed the highest dropout rate. Therapeutic success was associated with improvement of behavioral problems and quality of life scores. Copyright © 2016, IPNA.
@misc{fagundes_s.n._monosymptomatic_2017,
	title = {Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis in pediatric patients: multidisciplinary assessment and effects of therapeutic intervention},
	url = {http://link.springer.de/link/service/journals/00467/index.htm},
	abstract = {Background: Few studies manage patients with isolated monosymptomatic enuresis (MNE) with multidisciplinary evaluation and pre- and long-term post-intervention monitoring. Methods: This was a prospective study of MNE patients, aged 6-16 years, diagnosed by multidisciplinary assessment. Of the 140 initial applicants (58.6\%) with MNE, 82 were included in the study and randomized for therapeutic intervention in three treatment groups, namely: alarm, desmopressin and alarm + desmopressin. Therapeutic response was evaluated 12 months after treatment withdrawal. Results: Of the 82 patients [mean age 9.5 (SD +/- 2.6) years, n = 62 males (75.6\%)], 91.1\% had a family history of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in first-/second-degree relatives, 81.7\% had constipation and 40.7\% had mild-to-moderate apnea. Prior to randomization, management of constipation and urotherapy led to remission in seven of the 82 patients; 75 patients were randomized to intervention. There were 14/75 (18.7\%) dropouts during the intervention, especially in the alarm group (p = 0.00). Initial complete/partial response was achieved in 56.6\% of the alarm group, 70\% of the desmopressin group and 64\% in the combined group (p = 0.26). Continued success occurred in 70\% of the alarm group, 84.2\% of the desmopressin group and 100\% of the combined group (p = 0.21). Recurrence occurred in 3/20 (15\%) patients in the alarm group and 1/19 (5.2 \%) patients of the desmopressin group. Post-intervention Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and PedsQL 4.0 scores showed significant improvement. Conclusions: The three therapeutic modalities were effective in managing MNE with low relapse rates; the alarm group showed the highest dropout rate. Therapeutic success was associated with improvement of behavioral problems and quality of life scores. Copyright © 2016, IPNA.},
	journal = {Pediatric Nephrology},
	author = {{Fagundes S.N.} and {Lebl A.S.} and {Azevedo Soster L.} and {Sousa e Silva G.J.} and {Silvares E.F.M.} and {Koch V.H.}},
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {*desmopressin, *nocturnal enuresis, Child, Child Behavior Checklist, apnea monitoring, constipation, controlled clinical trial, controlled study, diagnosis, disease duration, family study, human, major clinical study, male, preschool child, problem behavior, prospective study, quality of life, randomization, randomized controlled trial, recurrence risk, remission, school child, second degree relative, treatment response, treatment withdrawal}
}

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