The United Nations World Tourism Organisation. Ferguson, L. 12(4):557–568. doi abstract bibtex According to the World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), tourism is ‘number one in the international services trade’, accounting for 40 per cent of global trade in services and 6 per cent of total world trade.1 The tourism industry directly provides around 3 per cent of global employment, or 192 million jobs – the equivalent to one in every twelve jobs in the formal sector. The International Labour Organization (ILO) predicts that this share is likely to rise to 251.6 million jobs by 2010, or one in every eleven formal sector jobs.2 Tourism also has an indirect impact beyond employment through tourism-related goods and services, air travel and global consumption patterns. The relevance of tourism for global political economy can no longer be ignored by analysts wishing to account for changing global patterns in poverty and inequality. Despite this, with a handful of exceptions, tourism as a significant feature of contemporary global political economy has thus far attracted little attention in the field of international political economy (IPE).3 Achieving United Nations (UN) specialised agency status in November 2003, UNWTO is the only international institution existing solely to promote the spread of the tourism industry across the globe.4 Its role can be understood in a number of ways: as a campaigning organisation for the tourism industry; as a donor for tourism development projects; and as the primary source of research and statistics on global tourism. As a result of the macroeconomic developmental benefits to be gained from the tourism industry – including employment and foreign exchange generation – a growing number of countries are generating ‘national tourism development plans’, in which tourism is seen as the foundation of a country's development.5 Playing a consultancy role in such strategies, UNWTO needs to be taken seriously not merely as an industry-specific UN agency, but as an organisation with the ability to influence national and international development policy, albeit within the confines of the dominant development paradigm. This essay introduces the UNWTO by analysing the emergence, structure and scope of the organisation. A review of the organisation's activities identifies two key aims that guide the institution: tourism as a tool for poverty reduction and development, and the further liberalisation of the tourism services sector. ‘Tourism development’ as framed by UNWTO is presented as a problematic process, because of the potential conflict between poverty reduction and liberalisation of the tourism industry.
@article{ferguson_united_2007,
title = {The United Nations World Tourism Organisation},
volume = {12},
issn = {1356-3467},
doi = {10.1080/13563460701661587},
abstract = {According to the World Tourism Organisation ({UNWTO}), tourism is ‘number one in the international services trade’, accounting for 40 per cent of global trade in services and 6 per cent of total world trade.1 The tourism industry directly provides around 3 per cent of global employment, or 192 million jobs – the equivalent to one in every twelve jobs in the formal sector. The International Labour Organization ({ILO}) predicts that this share is likely to rise to 251.6 million jobs by 2010, or one in every eleven formal sector jobs.2 Tourism also has an indirect impact beyond employment through tourism-related goods and services, air travel and global consumption patterns. The relevance of tourism for global political economy can no longer be ignored by analysts wishing to account for changing global patterns in poverty and inequality. Despite this, with a handful of exceptions, tourism as a significant feature of contemporary global political economy has thus far attracted little attention in the field of international political economy ({IPE}).3 Achieving United Nations ({UN}) specialised agency status in November 2003, {UNWTO} is the only international institution existing solely to promote the spread of the tourism industry across the globe.4 Its role can be understood in a number of ways: as a campaigning organisation for the tourism industry; as a donor for tourism development projects; and as the primary source of research and statistics on global tourism. As a result of the macroeconomic developmental benefits to be gained from the tourism industry – including employment and foreign exchange generation – a growing number of countries are generating ‘national tourism development plans’, in which tourism is seen as the foundation of a country's development.5 Playing a consultancy role in such strategies, {UNWTO} needs to be taken seriously not merely as an industry-specific {UN} agency, but as an organisation with the ability to influence national and international development policy, albeit within the confines of the dominant development paradigm. This essay introduces the {UNWTO} by analysing the emergence, structure and scope of the organisation. A review of the organisation's activities identifies two key aims that guide the institution: tourism as a tool for poverty reduction and development, and the further liberalisation of the tourism services sector. ‘Tourism development’ as framed by {UNWTO} is presented as a problematic process, because of the potential conflict between poverty reduction and liberalisation of the tourism industry.},
pages = {557--568},
number = {4},
journaltitle = {New Political Economy},
author = {Ferguson, Lucy},
date = {2007-12-01},
file = {Fulltext:/Users/faktisktmuratsdator/Zotero/storage/4BAJMS2Z/Ferguson - 2007 - The United Nations World Tourism Organisation.pdf:application/pdf}
}
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The relevance of tourism for global political economy can no longer be ignored by analysts wishing to account for changing global patterns in poverty and inequality. Despite this, with a handful of exceptions, tourism as a significant feature of contemporary global political economy has thus far attracted little attention in the field of international political economy (IPE).3 Achieving United Nations (UN) specialised agency status in November 2003, UNWTO is the only international institution existing solely to promote the spread of the tourism industry across the globe.4 Its role can be understood in a number of ways: as a campaigning organisation for the tourism industry; as a donor for tourism development projects; and as the primary source of research and statistics on global tourism. As a result of the macroeconomic developmental benefits to be gained from the tourism industry – including employment and foreign exchange generation – a growing number of countries are generating ‘national tourism development plans’, in which tourism is seen as the foundation of a country's development.5 Playing a consultancy role in such strategies, UNWTO needs to be taken seriously not merely as an industry-specific UN agency, but as an organisation with the ability to influence national and international development policy, albeit within the confines of the dominant development paradigm. This essay introduces the UNWTO by analysing the emergence, structure and scope of the organisation. A review of the organisation's activities identifies two key aims that guide the institution: tourism as a tool for poverty reduction and development, and the further liberalisation of the tourism services sector. ‘Tourism development’ as framed by UNWTO is presented as a problematic process, because of the potential conflict between poverty reduction and liberalisation of the tourism industry.","pages":"557–568","number":"4","journaltitle":"New Political Economy","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ferguson"],"firstnames":["Lucy"],"suffixes":[]}],"date":"2007-12-01","file":"Fulltext:/Users/faktisktmuratsdator/Zotero/storage/4BAJMS2Z/Ferguson - 2007 - The United Nations World Tourism Organisation.pdf:application/pdf","bibtex":"@article{ferguson_united_2007,\n\ttitle = {The United Nations World Tourism Organisation},\n\tvolume = {12},\n\tissn = {1356-3467},\n\tdoi = {10.1080/13563460701661587},\n\tabstract = {According to the World Tourism Organisation ({UNWTO}), tourism is ‘number one in the international services trade’, accounting for 40 per cent of global trade in services and 6 per cent of total world trade.1 The tourism industry directly provides around 3 per cent of global employment, or 192 million jobs – the equivalent to one in every twelve jobs in the formal sector. The International Labour Organization ({ILO}) predicts that this share is likely to rise to 251.6 million jobs by 2010, or one in every eleven formal sector jobs.2 Tourism also has an indirect impact beyond employment through tourism-related goods and services, air travel and global consumption patterns. The relevance of tourism for global political economy can no longer be ignored by analysts wishing to account for changing global patterns in poverty and inequality. Despite this, with a handful of exceptions, tourism as a significant feature of contemporary global political economy has thus far attracted little attention in the field of international political economy ({IPE}).3 Achieving United Nations ({UN}) specialised agency status in November 2003, {UNWTO} is the only international institution existing solely to promote the spread of the tourism industry across the globe.4 Its role can be understood in a number of ways: as a campaigning organisation for the tourism industry; as a donor for tourism development projects; and as the primary source of research and statistics on global tourism. As a result of the macroeconomic developmental benefits to be gained from the tourism industry – including employment and foreign exchange generation – a growing number of countries are generating ‘national tourism development plans’, in which tourism is seen as the foundation of a country's development.5 Playing a consultancy role in such strategies, {UNWTO} needs to be taken seriously not merely as an industry-specific {UN} agency, but as an organisation with the ability to influence national and international development policy, albeit within the confines of the dominant development paradigm. This essay introduces the {UNWTO} by analysing the emergence, structure and scope of the organisation. 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