@Article{RSM:Fer2001,
  author =       "T.C. Ferree and P. Luu and G.S. Russell and D.M.
                 Tucker",
  title =        "Scalp electrode impedance, infection risk, and {EEG}
                 data quality.",
  journal =      "Clin Neurophysiol",
  year =         "2001",
  month =        mar,
  volume =       "112",
  number =       "3",
  pages =        "536--544",
  robnote =      "OBJECTIVES: Breaking the skin when applying scalp
                 electroencephalographic (EEG) electrodes creates the
                 risk of infection from blood-born pathogens such as
                 HIV, Hepatitis-C, and Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease. Modern
                 engineering principles suggest that excellent EEG
                 signals can be collected with high scalp impedance (
                 approximately 40 kOmega) without scalp abrasion. The
                 present study was designed to evaluate the effect of
                 electrode-scalp impedance on EEG data quality. METHODS:
                 The first section of the paper reviews
                 electrophysiological recording with modern high
                 input-impedance differential amplifiers and subject
                 isolation, and explains how scalp-electrode impedance
                 influences EEG signal amplitude and power line noise.
                 The second section of the paper presents an
                 experimental study of EEG data quality as a function of
                 scalp-electrode impedance for the standard frequency
                 bands in EEG and event-related potential (ERP)
                 recordings and for 60 Hz noise. RESULTS: There was no
                 significant amplitude change in any EEG frequency bands
                 as scalp-electrode impedance increased from less than
                 10 kOmega (abraded skin) to 40 kOmega (intact skin). 60
                 Hz was nearly independent of impedance mismatch,
                 suggesting that capacitively coupled noise appearing
                 differentially across mismatched electrode impedances
                 did not contribute substantially to the observed 60 Hz
                 noise levels. CONCLUSIONS: With modern high
                 input-impedance amplifiers and accurate digital filters
                 for power line noise, high-quality EEG can be recorded
                 without skin abrasion.",
  bibdate =      "Sun Sep 23 17:56:28 2001",
}

{"_id":"qR45nfXz6GtKAScxM","bibbaseid":"ferree-luu-russell-tucker-scalpelectrodeimpedanceinfectionriskandeegdataquality-2001","downloads":0,"creationDate":"2016-07-01T21:38:33.076Z","title":"Scalp electrode impedance, infection risk, and EEG data quality.","author_short":["Ferree, T.","Luu, P.","Russell, G.","Tucker, D."],"year":2001,"bibtype":"article","biburl":"http://www.sci.utah.edu/~macleod/Bibtex/biglit.bib","bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"firstnames":["T.C."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ferree"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["P."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Luu"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["G.S."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Russell"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["D.M."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tucker"],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Scalp electrode impedance, infection risk, and EEG data quality.","journal":"Clin Neurophysiol","year":"2001","month":"March","volume":"112","number":"3","pages":"536–544","robnote":"OBJECTIVES: Breaking the skin when applying scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) electrodes creates the risk of infection from blood-born pathogens such as HIV, Hepatitis-C, and Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease. Modern engineering principles suggest that excellent EEG signals can be collected with high scalp impedance ( approximately 40 kOmega) without scalp abrasion. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of electrode-scalp impedance on EEG data quality. METHODS: The first section of the paper reviews electrophysiological recording with modern high input-impedance differential amplifiers and subject isolation, and explains how scalp-electrode impedance influences EEG signal amplitude and power line noise. The second section of the paper presents an experimental study of EEG data quality as a function of scalp-electrode impedance for the standard frequency bands in EEG and event-related potential (ERP) recordings and for 60 Hz noise. RESULTS: There was no significant amplitude change in any EEG frequency bands as scalp-electrode impedance increased from less than 10 kOmega (abraded skin) to 40 kOmega (intact skin). 60 Hz was nearly independent of impedance mismatch, suggesting that capacitively coupled noise appearing differentially across mismatched electrode impedances did not contribute substantially to the observed 60 Hz noise levels. CONCLUSIONS: With modern high input-impedance amplifiers and accurate digital filters for power line noise, high-quality EEG can be recorded without skin abrasion.","bibdate":"Sun Sep 23 17:56:28 2001","bibtex":"@Article{RSM:Fer2001,\n author = \"T.C. Ferree and P. Luu and G.S. Russell and D.M.\n Tucker\",\n title = \"Scalp electrode impedance, infection risk, and {EEG}\n data quality.\",\n journal = \"Clin Neurophysiol\",\n year = \"2001\",\n month = mar,\n volume = \"112\",\n number = \"3\",\n pages = \"536--544\",\n robnote = \"OBJECTIVES: Breaking the skin when applying scalp\n electroencephalographic (EEG) electrodes creates the\n risk of infection from blood-born pathogens such as\n HIV, Hepatitis-C, and Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease. Modern\n engineering principles suggest that excellent EEG\n signals can be collected with high scalp impedance (\n approximately 40 kOmega) without scalp abrasion. The\n present study was designed to evaluate the effect of\n electrode-scalp impedance on EEG data quality. METHODS:\n The first section of the paper reviews\n electrophysiological recording with modern high\n input-impedance differential amplifiers and subject\n isolation, and explains how scalp-electrode impedance\n influences EEG signal amplitude and power line noise.\n The second section of the paper presents an\n experimental study of EEG data quality as a function of\n scalp-electrode impedance for the standard frequency\n bands in EEG and event-related potential (ERP)\n recordings and for 60 Hz noise. RESULTS: There was no\n significant amplitude change in any EEG frequency bands\n as scalp-electrode impedance increased from less than\n 10 kOmega (abraded skin) to 40 kOmega (intact skin). 60\n Hz was nearly independent of impedance mismatch,\n suggesting that capacitively coupled noise appearing\n differentially across mismatched electrode impedances\n did not contribute substantially to the observed 60 Hz\n noise levels. CONCLUSIONS: With modern high\n input-impedance amplifiers and accurate digital filters\n for power line noise, high-quality EEG can be recorded\n without skin abrasion.\",\n bibdate = \"Sun Sep 23 17:56:28 2001\",\n}\n\n","author_short":["Ferree, T.","Luu, P.","Russell, G.","Tucker, D."],"key":"RSM:Fer2001","id":"RSM:Fer2001","bibbaseid":"ferree-luu-russell-tucker-scalpelectrodeimpedanceinfectionriskandeegdataquality-2001","role":"author","urls":{},"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"downloads":0,"html":""},"search_terms":["scalp","electrode","impedance","infection","risk","eeg","data","quality","ferree","luu","russell","tucker"],"keywords":[],"authorIDs":[],"dataSources":["5HG3Kp8zRwDd7FotB"]}