Re-organising the urban stratum. Flander, K. d. Ph.D. Thesis, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, 2017.
Re-organising the urban stratum [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
This dissertation explores the ‘Urban Stratum’, a global layer of urban influence that is obstructing the earth’s natural cycles. Going out from urgency to deal with the wicked global environmental problems of our era, this thesis develops strategies for transforming complex urban systems in the condition of planetary urbanisation, based on the potential leverages of shock and necessity. I therefore construct an interplay of four theoretical concept lines: Planetary Urbanisation, Complexity, Transformation and Necessity; and use practical evidence to support my arguments. A central part of the methodology consists of Transdisciplinary Expert Workshops, of which some were conceptualised as ‘active-peer-review’ and others as ‘creative LAB’. The main contribution of this dissertation to the scientific debates is twofold and lies in the new interconnections it makes. First, this thesis establishes the, intrinsic but largely ignored, link between the nature of urban resource flows and the production of urban space. I conclude that to come to an effective transition of our extended urban systems, a transition of urban resource flows (from ‘linear’ to ‘circular’) will need to go hand in hand with a transition in urban space governance (from ‘closed’ to ‘open’ cities). In other words: a paradigm shift regarding resource flows will demand an appropriate (re-)production of urban space: “Closing Cycles - Opening Cities”. Failing to do so will lead to a further cultivation of ‘tree-like’ structures, which lack complexity and ‘de-urbanise’ the city. Based on this, I suggest that the closing of resource cycles can also serve as a possible new driver for the ‘Open City’. Second, this thesis proposes a conscious use of necessity for socio-ecological transformations. Inspite the visibility of counterevidence, the need for innovation or change is currently mostly approached from situations of comfort, safety and predictability. These are, I argue, not able to produce enough energy to push the necessary transformation. Next to posing natural resource (re-)appropriation processes and ‘shrinking cities’ as strategic points of entry, this thesis develops a ‘pressure-point strategy’ which highlights the potential to evolve what has often been an intuitive practice, led by community or elected leaders into a more accessible strategy for shaping socio-ecological transformation in urban practice. This method for customised complex problem handling starts from stress states in the urban system(s) and uses their initial momentum to encourage systemic change through ‘intraventions' at selected pressure points. In the discussion, both contributions lead to the need for cities to become responsive again to their social and natural environment. The knowledge to do this is stored for instance in vernacular architecture and other forgotten techniques that answered to the earths natural cycles, but most of all in the common sense of aborting the consumption-centred paradigm for respect and simplicity, traits that are hard to obtain without immediate pressure.
@phdthesis{flander_re-organising_2017,
	address = {Berlin},
	type = {Dissertation},
	title = {Re-organising the urban stratum},
	copyright = {http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/},
	url = {https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de//handle/11303/6162},
	abstract = {This dissertation explores the ‘Urban Stratum’, a global layer of urban influence that is obstructing the earth’s natural cycles. Going out from urgency to deal with the wicked global environmental problems of our era, this thesis develops strategies for transforming complex urban systems in the condition of planetary urbanisation, based on the potential leverages of shock and necessity. I therefore construct an interplay of four theoretical concept lines: Planetary Urbanisation, Complexity, Transformation and Necessity; and use practical evidence to support my arguments. A central part of the methodology consists of Transdisciplinary Expert Workshops, of which some were conceptualised as ‘active-peer-review’ and others as ‘creative LAB’. The main contribution of this dissertation to the scientific debates is twofold and lies in the new interconnections it makes. First, this thesis establishes the, intrinsic but largely ignored, link between the nature of urban resource flows and the production of urban space. I conclude that to come to an effective transition of our extended urban systems, a transition of urban resource flows (from ‘linear’ to ‘circular’) will need to go hand in hand with a transition in urban space governance (from ‘closed’ to ‘open’ cities). In other words: a paradigm shift regarding resource flows will demand an appropriate (re-)production of urban space: “Closing Cycles - Opening Cities”. Failing to do so will lead to a further cultivation of ‘tree-like’ structures, which lack complexity and ‘de-urbanise’ the city. Based on this, I suggest that the closing of resource cycles can also serve as a possible new driver for the ‘Open City’. Second, this thesis proposes a conscious use of necessity for socio-ecological transformations. Inspite the visibility of counterevidence, the need for innovation or change is currently mostly approached from situations of comfort, safety and predictability. These are, I argue, not able to produce enough energy to push the necessary transformation. Next to posing natural resource (re-)appropriation processes and ‘shrinking cities’ as strategic points of entry, this thesis develops a ‘pressure-point strategy’ which highlights the potential to evolve what has often been an intuitive practice, led by community or elected leaders into a more accessible strategy for shaping socio-ecological transformation in urban practice. This method for customised complex problem handling starts from stress states in the urban system(s) and uses their initial momentum to encourage systemic change through ‘intraventions' at selected pressure points. In the discussion, both contributions lead to the need for cities to become responsive again to their social and natural environment. The knowledge to do this is stored for instance in vernacular architecture and other forgotten techniques that answered to the earths natural cycles, but most of all in the common sense of aborting the consumption-centred paradigm for respect and simplicity, traits that are hard to obtain without immediate pressure.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2018-11-21},
	school = {Technische Universität Berlin},
	author = {Flander, Katleen de},
	year = {2017}
}

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