A phospholipase A(1) antibacterial Type VI secretion effector interacts directly with the C-terminal domain of the VgrG spike protein for delivery. Flaugnatti, N., Le, T. T. H., Canaan, S., Aschtgen, M., Nguyen, V. S., Blangy, S., Kellenberger, C., Roussel, A., Cambillau, C., Cascales, E., & Journet, L. Molecular Microbiology, 99(6):1099--1118, March, 2016. WOS:000372719000007
doi  abstract   bibtex   
The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a multiprotein machine that delivers protein effectors in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, allowing interbacterial competition and virulence. The mechanism of action of the T6SS requires the contraction of a sheath-like structure that propels a needle towards target cells, allowing the delivery of protein effectors. Here, we provide evidence that the entero-aggregative Escherichia coli Sci-1 T6SS is required to eliminate competitor bacteria. We further identify Tle1, a toxin effector encoded by this cluster and showed that Tle1 possesses phospholipase A(1) and A(2) activities required for the interbacterial competition. Self-protection of the attacker cell is secured by an outer membrane lipoprotein, Tli1, which binds Tle1 in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with nanomolar affinity, and inhibits its phospholipase activity. Tle1 is delivered into the periplasm of the prey cells using the VgrG1 needle spike protein as carrier. Further analyses demonstrate that the C-terminal extension domain of VgrG1, including a transthyretin-like domain, is responsible for the interaction with Tle1 and its subsequent delivery into target cells. Based on these results, we propose an additional mechanism of transport of T6SS effectors in which cognate effectors are selected by specific motifs located at the C-terminus of VgrG proteins.
@article{flaugnatti_phospholipase_2016,
	title = {A phospholipase {A}(1) antibacterial {Type} {VI} secretion effector interacts directly with the {C}-terminal domain of the {VgrG} spike protein for delivery},
	volume = {99},
	issn = {0950-382X},
	doi = {10.1111/mmi.13292},
	abstract = {The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a multiprotein machine that delivers protein effectors in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, allowing interbacterial competition and virulence. The mechanism of action of the T6SS requires the contraction of a sheath-like structure that propels a needle towards target cells, allowing the delivery of protein effectors. Here, we provide evidence that the entero-aggregative Escherichia coli Sci-1 T6SS is required to eliminate competitor bacteria. We further identify Tle1, a toxin effector encoded by this cluster and showed that Tle1 possesses phospholipase A(1) and A(2) activities required for the interbacterial competition. Self-protection of the attacker cell is secured by an outer membrane lipoprotein, Tli1, which binds Tle1 in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio with nanomolar affinity, and inhibits its phospholipase activity. Tle1 is delivered into the periplasm of the prey cells using the VgrG1 needle spike protein as carrier. Further analyses demonstrate that the C-terminal extension domain of VgrG1, including a transthyretin-like domain, is responsible for the interaction with Tle1 and its subsequent delivery into target cells. Based on these results, we propose an additional mechanism of transport of T6SS effectors in which cognate effectors are selected by specific motifs located at the C-terminus of VgrG proteins.},
	language = {English},
	number = {6},
	journal = {Molecular Microbiology},
	author = {Flaugnatti, Nicolas and Le, Thi Thu Hang and Canaan, Stephane and Aschtgen, Marie-Stephanie and Nguyen, Van Son and Blangy, Stephanie and Kellenberger, Christine and Roussel, Alain and Cambillau, Christian and Cascales, Eric and Journet, Laure},
	month = mar,
	year = {2016},
	note = {WOS:000372719000007},
	keywords = {ACL, E2, chaperone, enteroaggregative escherichia-coli, identification, membrane, model, monolayers, pseudomonas-aeruginosa, system effectors, target-cells, vibrio-cholerae},
	pages = {1099--1118}
}

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