Qualitative Spatial Configuration Queries Towards Next Generation Access Methods for GIS. Fogliaroni, P. Ph.D. Thesis, Diss., Univ. Bremen, Bremen, 2012.
Qualitative Spatial Configuration Queries Towards Next Generation Access Methods for GIS [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
For a long time survey, management, and provision of geographic information in Geographic Information Systems (gis) have mainly had an authoritative nature. Today the trend is changing and such an authoritative geographic information source is now accompanied by a public and freely available one which is usually referred to as Volunteered Geographic Information (vgi). Actually, the term vgi does not refer only to the mere geographic information, but, more generally, to the whole process which assumes the engagement of volunteers to collect and maintain such information in freely accessible gis. The quick spread of vgi gives new relevance to a well-known challenge: developing new methods and techniques to ease down the interaction between users and gis. Indeed, in spite of continuous improvements, gis mainly provide interfaces tailored for experts, denying the casual user—usually a non-expert—the possibility to access vgi information. One main obstacle resides in the different ways gis and humans deal with spatial information: gis mainly encode spatial information in a quantitative format, whereas human beings typically prefer a qualitative and relational approach. For example, we use expressions like “the lake is to the right-hand side of the wood” or “is there a supermarket close to the university?” which qualitatively locate a spatial entity with respect to another. Nowadays, such a gap in representation has to be plugged by the user, who has to learn about the system structure and to encode his requests in a form suitable to the system. Contrarily, enabling gis to explicitly deal with qualitative spatial information allows for shifting the translation effort to the system side. Thus, to facilitate the interaction with human beings, gis have to be enhanced with tools for efficiently handling qualitative spatial information. The work presented in this thesis addresses the problem of enabling Qualitative Spatial Configuration Queries (qscqs) in gis. A qscq is a spatial database query which allows for an automatic mapping of spatial descriptions produced by humans: A user naturally expresses his request of spatial information by drawing a sketch map or producing a verbal description. The qualitative information conveyed by such descriptions is automatically extracted and encoded into a qscq. The focus of this work is on two main challenges: First, the development of a framework that allows for managing in a spatial database the variety of spatial aspects that might be enclosed in a spatial description produced by a human. Second, the conception of Qualitative Spatial Access Methods (qsams): algorithms and data structures tailored for efficiently solving qscqs. The main objective of a qsam is that of countering the exponential explosion in terms of storage space—occurring when switching from a quantitative to a qualitative spatial representation—while keeping query response time acceptable.
@phdthesis{FoglQual2012,
abstract = {For a long time survey, management, and provision of geographic information in Geographic Information Systems (gis) have mainly had an authoritative nature. Today the trend is changing and such an authoritative geographic information source is now accompanied by a public and freely available one which is usually referred to as Volunteered Geographic Information (vgi). Actually, the term vgi does not refer only to the mere geographic information, but, more generally, to the whole process which assumes the engagement of volunteers to collect and maintain such information in freely accessible gis. The quick spread of vgi gives new relevance to a well-known challenge: developing new methods and techniques to ease down the interaction between users and gis. Indeed, in spite of continuous improvements, gis mainly provide interfaces tailored for experts, denying the casual user—usually a non-expert—the possibility to access vgi information. One main obstacle resides in the different ways gis and humans deal with spatial information: gis mainly encode spatial information in a quantitative format, whereas human beings typically prefer a qualitative and relational approach. For example, we use expressions like “the lake is to the right-hand side of the wood” or “is there a supermarket close to the university?” which qualitatively locate a spatial entity with respect to another. Nowadays, such a gap in representation has to be plugged by the user, who has to learn about the system structure and to encode his requests in a form suitable to the system. Contrarily, enabling gis to explicitly deal with qualitative spatial information allows for shifting the translation effort to the system side. Thus, to facilitate the interaction with human beings, gis have to be enhanced with tools for efficiently handling qualitative spatial information. The work presented in this thesis addresses the problem of enabling Qualitative Spatial Configuration Queries (qscqs) in gis. A qscq is a spatial database query which allows for an automatic mapping of spatial descriptions produced by humans: A user naturally expresses his request of spatial information by drawing a sketch map or producing a verbal description. The qualitative information conveyed by such descriptions is automatically extracted and encoded into a qscq. The focus of this work is on two main challenges: First, the development of a framework that allows for managing in a spatial database the variety of spatial aspects that might be enclosed in a spatial description produced by a human. Second, the conception of Qualitative Spatial Access Methods (qsams): algorithms and data structures tailored for efficiently solving qscqs. The main objective of a qsam is that of countering the exponential explosion in terms of storage space—occurring when switching from a quantitative to a qualitative spatial representation—while keeping query response time acceptable.},
address = {Bremen},
author = {Fogliaroni, Paolo},
file = {:Users/tremity/Dropbox/0.CurrentWork/Research(dropbox)/Publications/Published/2012.Dissertation{\_}Bremen/2012.dissertation{\_}bremen.pdf:pdf},
keywords = {Geographic Information System,Inference Graph,MyQual,PostGIS,PostgreSQL,Qualitative Spatial Configuration Queries,Qualitative Spatial Queries,Qualitative Spatial Representation and Reasoning,Query by Natural Spatial Description,Reasoning,Spatial Access Methods,Volunteered Geographic Information},
school = {Diss., Univ. Bremen},
title = {{Qualitative Spatial Configuration Queries Towards Next Generation Access Methods for GIS}},
url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00102731-11},
year = {2012}
}
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