Bias-Tolerant Terrain Following Method for a Field Deployed Manipulator. Freese, M., Singh, S. P. N., Fukushima, E., & Hirose, S. May 2006.
Bias-Tolerant Terrain Following Method for a Field Deployed Manipulator [link]Paper  abstract   bibtex   
Manipulator operations are complicated by sensor noise, mechanical compliance, and system bias. These uncertainties are compounded in field environments, such as those encountered in humanitarian demining. By taking advantage of the generally flat and static structure of the terrain, a series of adaptive corrections and filters refine a sensed topographical model and generate a trajectory that is robust to inherent inaccuracies and modeling errors. Experimental testing on a mobile robot using stereo-vision as modeling sensor indicates that this method provides a tracking precision of �5 mm on relatively flat ground. As such, it will keep the attached mine sensors close to the ground, improving effectiveness.
@CONFERENCE{icra.2006,
  author = {M. Freese and S. P. N. Singh and E. Fukushima and S. Hirose},
  title = {{Bias-Tolerant Terrain Following Method for a Field Deployed Manipulator}},
  booktitle = {International Conference on Robotics and Automation},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {175-180},
  month = may,
  abstract = {Manipulator operations are complicated by sensor noise, mechanical
	compliance, and system bias. These uncertainties are compounded in
	field environments, such as those encountered in humanitarian demining.
	By taking advantage of the generally flat and static structure of
	the terrain, a series of adaptive corrections and filters refine
	a sensed topographical model and generate a trajectory that is robust
	to inherent inaccuracies and modeling errors. Experimental testing
	on a mobile robot using stereo-vision as modeling sensor indicates
	that this method provides a tracking precision of �5 mm on relatively
	flat ground. As such, it will keep the attached mine sensors close
	to the ground, improving effectiveness.},
  url = {http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/10932/34383/01641180.pdf?tp=&arnumber=1641180&isnumber=34383}
}

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