Gas-Granular Flow Solver for Plume Surface Interaction and Cratering Simulations. Gale, M., Mehta, R., Liever, P., Buettner, K., & Curtis, J. In 23rd AIAA Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference, Denver, Colorado, June, 2017. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
The Gas-Granular Flow Solver (GGFS) multi-phase flow computational framework has been developed to enable simulations of particle flows of extra-terrestrial regolith materials. Particle flows of interest include the erosion and cratering of unprepared spacecraft landing sites from rocket plume impingement on Moon, Mars, and asteroids, and regolith material processing for In-situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) such as excavation, pneumatic transport, and regolith feedstock movement inside resource extraction reactors prone to clogging due to extreme regolith cohesion. The flow solver implements an Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model with fluid representation of the gas phase and granular phase to avoid the need to model billions of particle interactions. The granular phase is modeled as an Eulerian fluid with constituent physics closure models derived from first-principle Discrete Element Model (DEM) particle interaction simulations that capture the complex, non-linear granular particle interaction effects. Innovative granular phase constituent models have been developed and integrated that address the granular material mechanics complexities resulting from both, the irregular, jagged particle shapes and poly-disperse mixture effects encountered in extra-terrestrial regolith, with lunar regolith as the extreme. The flow solver is further capable of simulating ows into rarefied environments such as for Moon landings. The capabilities of the solver are presented and key verification and validation results of the software are demonstrated. Lab scale jet cratering experiments were performed for a wide range of irregular particle shapes and mixtures as part of this project and were applied in validation of the GGFS simulation software.
@inproceedings{gale_gas-granular_2017,
	address = {Denver, Colorado},
	title = {Gas-{Granular} {Flow} {Solver} for {Plume} {Surface} {Interaction} and {Cratering} {Simulations}},
	doi = {10.2514/6.2017-4503},
	abstract = {The Gas-Granular Flow Solver (GGFS) multi-phase flow computational framework has been developed to enable simulations of particle  flows of extra-terrestrial regolith materials. Particle flows of interest include the erosion and cratering of unprepared spacecraft landing sites from rocket plume impingement on Moon, Mars, and asteroids, and regolith material processing for In-situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) such as excavation, pneumatic transport, and regolith feedstock movement inside resource extraction reactors prone to clogging due to extreme regolith cohesion. The flow solver implements an Eulerian-Eulerian two-fluid model with fluid representation of the gas phase and granular phase to avoid the need to model billions of particle interactions. The granular phase is modeled as an Eulerian fluid with constituent physics closure models derived from first-principle Discrete Element Model (DEM) particle interaction simulations that capture the complex, non-linear granular particle interaction effects. Innovative granular phase constituent models have been developed and integrated that address the granular material mechanics complexities resulting from both, the irregular, jagged particle shapes and poly-disperse mixture effects encountered in extra-terrestrial regolith, with lunar regolith as the extreme. The flow solver is further capable of simulating  ows into rarefied environments such as for Moon landings. The capabilities of the solver are presented and key verification and validation results of the software are demonstrated. Lab scale jet cratering experiments were performed for a wide range of irregular particle shapes and mixtures as part of this project and were applied in validation of the GGFS simulation software.},
	booktitle = {23rd {AIAA} {Computational} {Fluid} {Dynamics} {Conference}},
	publisher = {American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics},
	author = {Gale, Manuel and Mehta, Ranjan and Liever, Peter and Buettner, Kevin and Curtis, Jennifer},
	month = jun,
	year = {2017},
	keywords = {Multi-phase flow, computational fluid dynamics, mentions sympy},
}

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