Solving Difference Constraints over Modular Arithmetic. Gange, G., Søndergaard, H., Stuckey, P. J., & Schachte, P. In CADE 2013: Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Automated Deduction, volume 7898, of Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 215–230, 2013. Springer.
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Difference logic is commonly used in program verification and analysis. In the context of fixed-precision integers, as used in assembly languages for example, the use of classical difference logic is unsound. We study the problem of deciding difference constraints in the context of modular arithmetic and show that it is strongly NP-complete. We discuss the applicability of the Bellman-Ford algorithm and related shortest-distance algorithms to the context of modular arithmetic. We explore two approaches, namely a complete method implemented using SMT technology and an incomplete fixpoint-based method, and the two are experimentally evaluated. The incomplete method performs considerably faster while maintaining acceptable accuracy on a range of instances.
@InProceedings{Gan-Son-Stu-Sch_CADE13,
  author    = {Graeme Gange and 
		Harald S{\o}ndergaard and 
		Peter J. Stuckey and 
		Peter Schachte},
  title     = {Solving Difference Constraints over Modular Arithmetic},
  editor    = {M. P. Bonacina},
  booktitle = {CADE 2013: Proceedings of the 24th International
		Conference on Automated Deduction},
  series    = {Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence},
  volume    = {7898},
  pages     = {215--230},
  publisher = {Springer},
  year      = {2013},
  doi       = {10.1007/978-3-642-38574-2_15},
  abstract  = {Difference logic is commonly used in program verification 
		and analysis. In the context of fixed-precision integers,
		as used in assembly languages for example, the use of 
		classical difference logic is unsound. We study the problem
		of deciding difference constraints in the context of modular
		arithmetic and show that it is strongly NP-complete. We 
		discuss the applicability of the Bellman-Ford algorithm and 
		related shortest-distance algorithms to the context of modular
		arithmetic. We explore two approaches, namely a complete 
		method implemented using SMT technology and an incomplete 
		fixpoint-based method, and the two are experimentally 
		evaluated. The incomplete method performs considerably 
		faster while maintaining acceptable accuracy on a range
		of instances.},
  keywords  = {Constraint solving, Program verification, Static analysis, Machine arithmetic, Fixed points},
}

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