@article{garber_risk_2013,
	title = {Risk based lifetime costs assessment of a ground source heat pump ({GSHP}) system design: {Methodology} and case study},
	volume = {60},
	issn = {0360-1323},
	shorttitle = {Risk based lifetime costs assessment of a ground source heat pump ({GSHP}) system design},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132312003095},
	doi = {10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.11.011},
	abstract = {Space heating accounts for a large portion of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) are a technology which can reduce carbon emissions from heating and cooling. GSHP system performance is however highly sensitive to deviation from design values of the actual annual energy extraction/rejection rates from/to the ground. In order to prevent failure and/or performance deterioration of GSHP systems it is possible to incorporate a safety factor in the design of the GSHP by over-sizing the ground heat exchanger (GHE). A methodology to evaluate the financial risk involved in over-sizing the GHE is proposed is this paper. A probability based approach is used to evaluate the economic feasibility of a hypothetical full-size GSHP system as compared to four alternative Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system configurations. The model of the GSHP system is developed in the TRNSYS energy simulation platform and calibrated with data from an actual hybrid GSHP system installed in the Department of Earth Science, University of Oxford, UK. Results of the analysis show that potential savings from a full-size GSHP system largely depend on projected HVAC system efficiencies and gas and electricity prices. Results of the risk analysis also suggest that a full-size GSHP with auxiliary back up is potentially the most economical system configuration.},
	urldate = {2014-01-10TZ},
	journal = {Building and Environment},
	author = {Garber, D. and Choudhary, R. and Soga, K.},
	month = feb,
	year = {2013},
	keywords = {Carbon savings, Ground source heat pump (GSHP), Heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), Risk based design, Safety factor, Space heating and cooling},
	pages = {66--80}
}

{"_id":"4SrsJ5rZexpD9oGZD","bibbaseid":"garber-choudhary-soga-riskbasedlifetimecostsassessmentofagroundsourceheatpumpgshpsystemdesignmethodologyandcasestudy-2013","author_short":["Garber, D.","Choudhary, R.","Soga, K."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Risk based lifetime costs assessment of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system design: Methodology and case study","volume":"60","issn":"0360-1323","shorttitle":"Risk based lifetime costs assessment of a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system design","url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132312003095","doi":"10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.11.011","abstract":"Space heating accounts for a large portion of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) are a technology which can reduce carbon emissions from heating and cooling. GSHP system performance is however highly sensitive to deviation from design values of the actual annual energy extraction/rejection rates from/to the ground. In order to prevent failure and/or performance deterioration of GSHP systems it is possible to incorporate a safety factor in the design of the GSHP by over-sizing the ground heat exchanger (GHE). A methodology to evaluate the financial risk involved in over-sizing the GHE is proposed is this paper. A probability based approach is used to evaluate the economic feasibility of a hypothetical full-size GSHP system as compared to four alternative Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system configurations. The model of the GSHP system is developed in the TRNSYS energy simulation platform and calibrated with data from an actual hybrid GSHP system installed in the Department of Earth Science, University of Oxford, UK. Results of the analysis show that potential savings from a full-size GSHP system largely depend on projected HVAC system efficiencies and gas and electricity prices. Results of the risk analysis also suggest that a full-size GSHP with auxiliary back up is potentially the most economical system configuration.","urldate":"2014-01-10TZ","journal":"Building and Environment","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Garber"],"firstnames":["D."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Choudhary"],"firstnames":["R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Soga"],"firstnames":["K."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"February","year":"2013","keywords":"Carbon savings, Ground source heat pump (GSHP), Heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC), Risk based design, Safety factor, Space heating and cooling","pages":"66–80","bibtex":"@article{garber_risk_2013,\n\ttitle = {Risk based lifetime costs assessment of a ground source heat pump ({GSHP}) system design: {Methodology} and case study},\n\tvolume = {60},\n\tissn = {0360-1323},\n\tshorttitle = {Risk based lifetime costs assessment of a ground source heat pump ({GSHP}) system design},\n\turl = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360132312003095},\n\tdoi = {10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.11.011},\n\tabstract = {Space heating accounts for a large portion of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) are a technology which can reduce carbon emissions from heating and cooling. GSHP system performance is however highly sensitive to deviation from design values of the actual annual energy extraction/rejection rates from/to the ground. In order to prevent failure and/or performance deterioration of GSHP systems it is possible to incorporate a safety factor in the design of the GSHP by over-sizing the ground heat exchanger (GHE). A methodology to evaluate the financial risk involved in over-sizing the GHE is proposed is this paper. A probability based approach is used to evaluate the economic feasibility of a hypothetical full-size GSHP system as compared to four alternative Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system configurations. The model of the GSHP system is developed in the TRNSYS energy simulation platform and calibrated with data from an actual hybrid GSHP system installed in the Department of Earth Science, University of Oxford, UK. Results of the analysis show that potential savings from a full-size GSHP system largely depend on projected HVAC system efficiencies and gas and electricity prices. 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