@article{gauchan_evaluation_2020,
	title = {Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of bioactive compounds produced from endophytic fungi of {Himalayan} yew ({Taxus} wallichiana) in {Nepal}},
	volume = {9},
	issn = {2046-1402},
	url = {https://f1000research.com/articles/9-379/v2},
	doi = {10.12688/f1000research.23250.2},
	abstract = {Background:
              Endophytic fungi are largely underexplored in the discovery of natural bioactive products though being rich sources of novel compounds with promising pharmaceutical potential. In this study,
              Taxus wallichiana,
              which has huge medicinal value, was investigated for its endophytic diversity and capability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites by analyzing antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties.
            
            
              Methods:
              The endophytes were identified by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples. The secondary metabolites were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography, Total Phenol Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and DPPH assay, and the antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar-well diffusion method. Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of the fungal extracts.
            
            
              Results:
              Out of 16 different
              Taxus
              trees sampled from different locations of Dhorpatan, 13 distinctive endophytic fungi were isolated and grouped into 9 different genera:
              Bjerkandera, Trichoderma, Preussia, Botrytis, Arthrinium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Sporormiella
              and
              Daldinia
              . The ethyl acetate extracts isolated from three endophytic fungi:
              Alternaria alternata
              ,
              Cladosporium cladosporioides
              and
              Alternaria brassicae
              showed significant TPC values of 204±6.144, 312.3±2.147 and 152.7±4.958µg GAE/mg of dry extract, respectively, and TFC values of 177.9±2.911, 644.1±4.202 and 96.38±3.851µg RE/mg of dry extract, respectively. Furthermore, these three extracts showed a dose dependent radical scavenging activity with IC
              50
              concentration of 22.85, 22.15 and 23.001 µg/ml, respectively. The extracts of
              C. cladosporioides
              and
              A. brassicae
              also showed promising antimicrobial activity against
              Escherichia coli
              ,
              Staphylococcus aureus
              and
              Bacillus subtilis
              with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250μg/ml for all bacteria. Both the samples showed cytotoxic property against shrimp nauplii with LC
              50
              of 104.2 and 125.9µg/ml, respectively.
            
            
              Conclusions:
              The crude fungal extracts obtained from endophytes:
              A. alternata
              ,
              C. cladosporioides
              and
              A. brassicae
              upon purification and further identification of the bioactive compounds can be a fascinating source for novel pharmaceutical agents.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2021-06-07},
	journal = {F1000Research},
	author = {Gauchan, Dhurva Prasad and Kandel, Pratistha and Tuladhar, Astha and Acharya, Ashesh and Kadel, Upendra and Baral, Aayush and Shahi, Arjan Bir and García-Gil, María Rosario},
	month = oct,
	year = {2020},
	pages = {379},
}

{"_id":"jXM7dYqtXKapJeqtJ","bibbaseid":"gauchan-kandel-tuladhar-acharya-kadel-baral-shahi-garcagil-evaluationofantimicrobialantioxidantandcytotoxicpropertiesofbioactivecompoundsproducedfromendophyticfungiofhimalayanyewtaxuswallichianainnepal-2020","author_short":["Gauchan, D. P.","Kandel, P.","Tuladhar, A.","Acharya, A.","Kadel, U.","Baral, A.","Shahi, A. B.","García-Gil, M. R."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of bioactive compounds produced from endophytic fungi of Himalayan yew (Taxus wallichiana) in Nepal","volume":"9","issn":"2046-1402","url":"https://f1000research.com/articles/9-379/v2","doi":"10.12688/f1000research.23250.2","abstract":"Background: Endophytic fungi are largely underexplored in the discovery of natural bioactive products though being rich sources of novel compounds with promising pharmaceutical potential. In this study, Taxus wallichiana, which has huge medicinal value, was investigated for its endophytic diversity and capability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites by analyzing antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties. Methods: The endophytes were identified by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples. The secondary metabolites were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography, Total Phenol Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and DPPH assay, and the antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar-well diffusion method. Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of the fungal extracts. Results: Out of 16 different Taxus trees sampled from different locations of Dhorpatan, 13 distinctive endophytic fungi were isolated and grouped into 9 different genera: Bjerkandera, Trichoderma, Preussia, Botrytis, Arthrinium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Sporormiella and Daldinia . The ethyl acetate extracts isolated from three endophytic fungi: Alternaria alternata , Cladosporium cladosporioides and Alternaria brassicae showed significant TPC values of 204±6.144, 312.3±2.147 and 152.7±4.958µg GAE/mg of dry extract, respectively, and TFC values of 177.9±2.911, 644.1±4.202 and 96.38±3.851µg RE/mg of dry extract, respectively. Furthermore, these three extracts showed a dose dependent radical scavenging activity with IC 50 concentration of 22.85, 22.15 and 23.001 µg/ml, respectively. The extracts of C. cladosporioides and A. brassicae also showed promising antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250μg/ml for all bacteria. Both the samples showed cytotoxic property against shrimp nauplii with LC 50 of 104.2 and 125.9µg/ml, respectively. Conclusions: The crude fungal extracts obtained from endophytes: A. alternata , C. cladosporioides and A. brassicae upon purification and further identification of the bioactive compounds can be a fascinating source for novel pharmaceutical agents.","language":"en","urldate":"2021-06-07","journal":"F1000Research","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Gauchan"],"firstnames":["Dhurva","Prasad"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kandel"],"firstnames":["Pratistha"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Tuladhar"],"firstnames":["Astha"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Acharya"],"firstnames":["Ashesh"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kadel"],"firstnames":["Upendra"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Baral"],"firstnames":["Aayush"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Shahi"],"firstnames":["Arjan","Bir"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["García-Gil"],"firstnames":["María","Rosario"],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"October","year":"2020","pages":"379","bibtex":"@article{gauchan_evaluation_2020,\n\ttitle = {Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of bioactive compounds produced from endophytic fungi of {Himalayan} yew ({Taxus} wallichiana) in {Nepal}},\n\tvolume = {9},\n\tissn = {2046-1402},\n\turl = {https://f1000research.com/articles/9-379/v2},\n\tdoi = {10.12688/f1000research.23250.2},\n\tabstract = {Background:\n Endophytic fungi are largely underexplored in the discovery of natural bioactive products though being rich sources of novel compounds with promising pharmaceutical potential. In this study,\n Taxus wallichiana,\n which has huge medicinal value, was investigated for its endophytic diversity and capability to produce bioactive secondary metabolites by analyzing antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties.\n \n \n Methods:\n The endophytes were identified by ITS-PCR using genomic DNA samples. The secondary metabolites were extracted by solvent extraction method using ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activity was analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography, Total Phenol Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) and DPPH assay, and the antimicrobial activity was analyzed by agar-well diffusion method. Brine shrimp lethality assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of the fungal extracts.\n \n \n Results:\n Out of 16 different\n Taxus\n trees sampled from different locations of Dhorpatan, 13 distinctive endophytic fungi were isolated and grouped into 9 different genera:\n Bjerkandera, Trichoderma, Preussia, Botrytis, Arthrinium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Sporormiella\n and\n Daldinia\n . The ethyl acetate extracts isolated from three endophytic fungi:\n Alternaria alternata\n ,\n Cladosporium cladosporioides\n and\n Alternaria brassicae\n showed significant TPC values of 204±6.144, 312.3±2.147 and 152.7±4.958µg GAE/mg of dry extract, respectively, and TFC values of 177.9±2.911, 644.1±4.202 and 96.38±3.851µg RE/mg of dry extract, respectively. Furthermore, these three extracts showed a dose dependent radical scavenging activity with IC\n 50\n concentration of 22.85, 22.15 and 23.001 µg/ml, respectively. The extracts of\n C. cladosporioides\n and\n A. brassicae\n also showed promising antimicrobial activity against\n Escherichia coli\n ,\n Staphylococcus aureus\n and\n Bacillus subtilis\n with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 250μg/ml for all bacteria. Both the samples showed cytotoxic property against shrimp nauplii with LC\n 50\n of 104.2 and 125.9µg/ml, respectively.\n \n \n Conclusions:\n The crude fungal extracts obtained from endophytes:\n A. alternata\n ,\n C. cladosporioides\n and\n A. brassicae\n upon purification and further identification of the bioactive compounds can be a fascinating source for novel pharmaceutical agents.},\n\tlanguage = {en},\n\turldate = {2021-06-07},\n\tjournal = {F1000Research},\n\tauthor = {Gauchan, Dhurva Prasad and Kandel, Pratistha and Tuladhar, Astha and Acharya, Ashesh and Kadel, Upendra and Baral, Aayush and Shahi, Arjan Bir and García-Gil, María Rosario},\n\tmonth = oct,\n\tyear = {2020},\n\tpages = {379},\n}\n\n\n\n","author_short":["Gauchan, D. P.","Kandel, P.","Tuladhar, A.","Acharya, A.","Kadel, U.","Baral, A.","Shahi, A. B.","García-Gil, M. R."],"key":"gauchan_evaluation_2020","id":"gauchan_evaluation_2020","bibbaseid":"gauchan-kandel-tuladhar-acharya-kadel-baral-shahi-garcagil-evaluationofantimicrobialantioxidantandcytotoxicpropertiesofbioactivecompoundsproducedfromendophyticfungiofhimalayanyewtaxuswallichianainnepal-2020","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"https://f1000research.com/articles/9-379/v2"},"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/zotero/upscpub","dataSources":["RnvHhpd4gw3fGMxNQ","3bgRArTPQuMzE5oHo","KchYu2KknwfvpcPvw","fvfkWcShg3Mybjoog","Tu3jPdZyJF3j547xT","9cGcv2t8pRzC92kzs","3zTPPmKj8BiTcpc6C"],"keywords":[],"search_terms":["evaluation","antimicrobial","antioxidant","cytotoxic","properties","bioactive","compounds","produced","endophytic","fungi","himalayan","yew","taxus","wallichiana","nepal","gauchan","kandel","tuladhar","acharya","kadel","baral","shahi","garcía-gil"],"title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of bioactive compounds produced from endophytic fungi of Himalayan yew (Taxus wallichiana) in Nepal","year":2020}