@article{RN271,
   author = {Geraets, A. F. J. and Schram, M. T. and Jansen, J. F. A. and Koster, A. and Dagnelie, P. C. and van Greevenbroek, M. M. J. and Stehouwer, C. D. A. and Verhey, F. R. J. and Kohler, S.},
   title = {The relation of depression with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive functioning: the Maastricht study},
   journal = {Psychol Med},
   pages = {1-10},
   note = {Geraets, Anouk F J
Schram, Miranda T
Jansen, Jacobus F A
Koster, Annemarie
Dagnelie, Pieter C
van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J
Stehouwer, Coen D A
Verhey, Frans R J
Kohler, Sebastian
eng
England
Psychol Med. 2021 Feb 26:1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000222.},
   abstract = {BACKGROUND: Individuals with depression often experience widespread and persistent cognitive deficits, which might be due to brain atrophy and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We therefore studied the associations between depression, markers of brain atrophy and CSVD, and cognitive functioning. METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the population-based Maastricht study (n = 4734; mean age 59.1 +/- 8.6 years, 50.2% women), which focuses on type 2 diabetes. A current episode of major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 151) was assessed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Volumes of cerebral spinal fluid, white matter, gray matter and white matter hyperintensities, presence of lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds, and total CSVD burden were assessed by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses tested the associations between MDD, brain markers and cognitive functioning in memory, information processing speed, and executive functioning & attention, and presence of cognitive impairment. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. RESULTS: In fully adjusted models, MDD was associated with lower scores in information processing speed [mean difference = -0.18(-0.28;-0.08)], executive functioning & attention [mean difference = -0.13(-0.25;-0.02)], and with higher odds of cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.60(1.06;2.40)]. MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes [OR = 1.65(1.06;2.56)], but CSVD or other markers of brain atrophy or CSVD did not mediate the association with cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS: MDD is associated with more impaired information processing speed and executive functioning & attention, and overall cognitive impairment. Furthermore, MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes, but this association did not explain an impaired cognitive profile.},
   keywords = {Cerebral small vessel disease
cognitive functioning
depression
epidemiology
population-based study},
   ISSN = {1469-8978 (Electronic)
0033-2917 (Linking)},
   DOI = {10.1017/S0033291721000222},
   url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33634767},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

{"_id":"ZnNNtvAtYQFP27zSQ","bibbaseid":"geraets-schram-jansen-koster-dagnelie-vangreevenbroek-stehouwer-verhey-etal-therelationofdepressionwithstructuralbrainabnormalitiesandcognitivefunctioningthemaastrichtstudy-2021","author_short":["Geraets, A. F. J.","Schram, M. T.","Jansen, J. F. A.","Koster, A.","Dagnelie, P. C.","van Greevenbroek, M. M. J.","Stehouwer, C. D. A.","Verhey, F. R. J.","Kohler, S."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"Journal Article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Geraets"],"firstnames":["A.","F.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Schram"],"firstnames":["M.","T."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Jansen"],"firstnames":["J.","F.","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Koster"],"firstnames":["A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Dagnelie"],"firstnames":["P.","C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":["van"],"lastnames":["Greevenbroek"],"firstnames":["M.","M.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Stehouwer"],"firstnames":["C.","D.","A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Verhey"],"firstnames":["F.","R.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kohler"],"firstnames":["S."],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"The relation of depression with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive functioning: the Maastricht study","journal":"Psychol Med","pages":"1-10","note":"Geraets, Anouk F J Schram, Miranda T Jansen, Jacobus F A Koster, Annemarie Dagnelie, Pieter C van Greevenbroek, Marleen M J Stehouwer, Coen D A Verhey, Frans R J Kohler, Sebastian eng England Psychol Med. 2021 Feb 26:1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000222.","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Individuals with depression often experience widespread and persistent cognitive deficits, which might be due to brain atrophy and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We therefore studied the associations between depression, markers of brain atrophy and CSVD, and cognitive functioning. METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the population-based Maastricht study (n = 4734; mean age 59.1 +/- 8.6 years, 50.2% women), which focuses on type 2 diabetes. A current episode of major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 151) was assessed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Volumes of cerebral spinal fluid, white matter, gray matter and white matter hyperintensities, presence of lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds, and total CSVD burden were assessed by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses tested the associations between MDD, brain markers and cognitive functioning in memory, information processing speed, and executive functioning & attention, and presence of cognitive impairment. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. RESULTS: In fully adjusted models, MDD was associated with lower scores in information processing speed [mean difference = -0.18(-0.28;-0.08)], executive functioning & attention [mean difference = -0.13(-0.25;-0.02)], and with higher odds of cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.60(1.06;2.40)]. MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes [OR = 1.65(1.06;2.56)], but CSVD or other markers of brain atrophy or CSVD did not mediate the association with cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS: MDD is associated with more impaired information processing speed and executive functioning & attention, and overall cognitive impairment. Furthermore, MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes, but this association did not explain an impaired cognitive profile.","keywords":"Cerebral small vessel disease cognitive functioning depression epidemiology population-based study","issn":"1469-8978 (Electronic) 0033-2917 (Linking)","doi":"10.1017/S0033291721000222","url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33634767","year":"2021","bibtex":"@article{RN271,\n author = {Geraets, A. F. J. and Schram, M. T. and Jansen, J. F. A. and Koster, A. and Dagnelie, P. C. and van Greevenbroek, M. M. J. and Stehouwer, C. D. A. and Verhey, F. R. J. and Kohler, S.},\n title = {The relation of depression with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive functioning: the Maastricht study},\n journal = {Psychol Med},\n pages = {1-10},\n note = {Geraets, Anouk F J\nSchram, Miranda T\nJansen, Jacobus F A\nKoster, Annemarie\nDagnelie, Pieter C\nvan Greevenbroek, Marleen M J\nStehouwer, Coen D A\nVerhey, Frans R J\nKohler, Sebastian\neng\nEngland\nPsychol Med. 2021 Feb 26:1-10. doi: 10.1017/S0033291721000222.},\n abstract = {BACKGROUND: Individuals with depression often experience widespread and persistent cognitive deficits, which might be due to brain atrophy and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). We therefore studied the associations between depression, markers of brain atrophy and CSVD, and cognitive functioning. METHODS: We used cross-sectional data from the population-based Maastricht study (n = 4734; mean age 59.1 +/- 8.6 years, 50.2% women), which focuses on type 2 diabetes. A current episode of major depressive disorder (MDD, n = 151) was assessed by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Volumes of cerebral spinal fluid, white matter, gray matter and white matter hyperintensities, presence of lacunar infarcts and cerebral microbleeds, and total CSVD burden were assessed by 3 T magnetic resonance imaging. Multiple linear and logistic regression analyses tested the associations between MDD, brain markers and cognitive functioning in memory, information processing speed, and executive functioning & attention, and presence of cognitive impairment. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. RESULTS: In fully adjusted models, MDD was associated with lower scores in information processing speed [mean difference = -0.18(-0.28;-0.08)], executive functioning & attention [mean difference = -0.13(-0.25;-0.02)], and with higher odds of cognitive impairment [odds ratio (OR) = 1.60(1.06;2.40)]. MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes [OR = 1.65(1.06;2.56)], but CSVD or other markers of brain atrophy or CSVD did not mediate the association with cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS: MDD is associated with more impaired information processing speed and executive functioning & attention, and overall cognitive impairment. Furthermore, MDD was associated with CSVD in participants without type 2 diabetes, but this association did not explain an impaired cognitive profile.},\n keywords = {Cerebral small vessel disease\ncognitive functioning\ndepression\nepidemiology\npopulation-based study},\n ISSN = {1469-8978 (Electronic)\n0033-2917 (Linking)},\n DOI = {10.1017/S0033291721000222},\n url = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33634767},\n year = {2021},\n type = {Journal Article}\n}\n\n","author_short":["Geraets, A. F. J.","Schram, M. T.","Jansen, J. F. A.","Koster, A.","Dagnelie, P. C.","van Greevenbroek, M. M. J.","Stehouwer, C. D. A.","Verhey, F. R. J.","Kohler, S."],"key":"RN271","id":"RN271","bibbaseid":"geraets-schram-jansen-koster-dagnelie-vangreevenbroek-stehouwer-verhey-etal-therelationofdepressionwithstructuralbrainabnormalitiesandcognitivefunctioningthemaastrichtstudy-2021","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33634767"},"keyword":["Cerebral small vessel disease cognitive functioning depression epidemiology population-based study"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"html":""},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/jansenjfa1/bibbase.github.io/master/jansenjfa.bib","dataSources":["TCkfRWJAZvbLAZi29"],"keywords":["cerebral small vessel disease cognitive functioning depression epidemiology population-based study"],"search_terms":["relation","depression","structural","brain","abnormalities","cognitive","functioning","maastricht","study","geraets","schram","jansen","koster","dagnelie","van greevenbroek","stehouwer","verhey","kohler"],"title":"The relation of depression with structural brain abnormalities and cognitive functioning: the Maastricht study","year":2021}