@article{ghaemi_bipolar_2013,
	title = {Bipolar spectrum: a review of the concept and a vision for the future.},
	volume = {10},
	issn = {1738-3684},
	url = {http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=3843012&tool=pmcentrez&rendertype=abstract},
	doi = {10.4306/pi.2013.10.3.218},
	abstract = {This paper reviews the bipolar spectrum concept historically and empirically. It describes how the concept derives from Kraepelin, but was lost with DSM-III, which divided the broad manic-depressive illness concept, based on recurrent mood episodes of either polarity, to the bipolar versus unipolar dichotomy, based on allowing non-recurrent mood episodes of only one polarity. This approach followed the views of Karl Leonhard and other critics of Kraepelin. Thus post DSM-III American psychiatry is not neo-Kraepelinian, as many claim, but neo-Leonhardian. The bipolar spectrum approach, as advocated by Akiskal and Koukopoulos first, harkens back to the original broad Kraepelinian view of manic-depressive illness. The evidence for and against this approach is discussed, and common misconceptions, including mistaken claims that borderline personality is similar, are revealed and critiqued.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2015-05-22},
	journal = {Psychiatry investigation},
	author = {Ghaemi, S Nassir},
	month = sep,
	year = {2013},
	pmid = {24302943},
	pages = {218--24},
}

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