COMPARISON OF HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES TO TRIVALENT INFLUENZA SPLIT VACCINE IN YOUNG, MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY PEOPLE. Glathe, H., Bigl, S., & Grosche, A. Vaccine, 11(7):702–705, May, 1993.
COMPARISON OF HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES TO TRIVALENT INFLUENZA SPLIT VACCINE IN YOUNG, MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY PEOPLE [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
A total of 296 volunteers in five different groups were immunized with one dose of the commercial 1991-1992 trivalent split influenza vaccine formulation A/Singapore/6/86 (H1N1), A/Beijing/353/89 (H3N2) and B/Yamagata/16/88. The groups differed in age (young adults, middle-aged and elderly) and history of previous vaccination. Antibodies were determined in pre- and postvaccination sera by haemagglutination inhibition assay and the results were evaluated as geometric mean titre, mean fold antibody increase, protection and response rates. No significant age-related differences among the protection rates were found. The proportion of vaccinees with antibodies greater-than-or-equal-to 40 ranged between 70 and 95%. Compared with the H3N2 and B components the antibody response to the H1N1-component was low. Residents of a nursing home fully vaccinated the previous year developed 7.6-8.4-fold antibody increases and showed 96-100% protection rates.
@article{glathe_comparison_1993,
	title = {{COMPARISON} {OF} {HUMORAL} {IMMUNE}-{RESPONSES} {TO} {TRIVALENT} {INFLUENZA} {SPLIT} {VACCINE} {IN} {YOUNG}, {MIDDLE}-{AGED} {AND} {ELDERLY} {PEOPLE}},
	volume = {11},
	issn = {0264-410X},
	url = {://WOS:A1993LD24900002},
	doi = {10.1016/0264-410x(93)90252-s},
	abstract = {A total of 296 volunteers in five different groups were immunized with one dose of the commercial 1991-1992 trivalent split influenza vaccine formulation A/Singapore/6/86 (H1N1), A/Beijing/353/89 (H3N2) and B/Yamagata/16/88. The groups differed in age (young adults, middle-aged and elderly) and history of previous vaccination. Antibodies were determined in pre- and postvaccination sera by haemagglutination inhibition assay and the results were evaluated as geometric mean titre, mean fold antibody increase, protection and response rates. No significant age-related differences among the protection rates were found. The proportion of vaccinees with antibodies greater-than-or-equal-to 40 ranged between 70 and 95\%. Compared with the H3N2 and B components the antibody response to the H1N1-component was low. Residents of a nursing home fully vaccinated the previous year developed 7.6-8.4-fold antibody increases and showed 96-100\% protection rates.},
	language = {English},
	number = {7},
	journal = {Vaccine},
	author = {Glathe, H. and Bigl, S. and Grosche, A.},
	month = may,
	year = {1993},
	keywords = {Immunology, Research \& Experimental Medicine, age, antibody, efficacy, enhancement, epidemic influenza, hemagglutinin, hospitalizations, humoral antibody, immunogenicity, influenza vaccine, nucleoprotein, subunit, virus infection, volunteers},
	pages = {702--705},
}

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