Diel, seasonal, and inter-annual variation in carbon dioxide effluxes from lakes and reservoirs. Golub, M., Koupaei-Abyazani, N., Vesala, T., Mammarella, I., Ojala, A., Bohrer, G., Weyhenmeyer, G. A, Blanken, P. D, Eugster, W., Koebsch, F., Chen, J., Czajkowski, K., Deshmukh, C., Guérin, F., Heiskanen, J., Humphreys, E., Jonsson, A., Karlsson, J., Kling, G., Lee, X., Liu, H., Lohila, A., Lundin, E., Morin, T., Podgrajsek, E., Provenzale, M., Rutgersson, A., Sachs, T., Sahlée, E., Serça, D., Shao, C., Spence, C., Strachan, I. B, Xiao, W., & Desai, A. R Environmental Research Letters, 18(3):034046, March, 2023.
Diel, seasonal, and inter-annual variation in carbon dioxide effluxes from lakes and reservoirs [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Abstract Accounting for temporal changes in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) effluxes from freshwaters remains a challenge for global and regional carbon budgets. Here, we synthesize 171 site-months of flux measurements of CO 2 based on the eddy covariance method from 13 lakes and reservoirs in the Northern Hemisphere, and quantify dynamics at multiple temporal scales. We found pronounced sub-annual variability in CO 2 flux at all sites. By accounting for diel variation, only 11% of site-months were net daily sinks of CO 2 . Annual CO 2 emissions had an average of 25% (range 3%–58%) interannual variation. Similar to studies on streams, nighttime emissions regularly exceeded daytime emissions. Biophysical regulations of CO 2 flux variability were delineated through mutual information analysis. Sample analysis of CO 2 fluxes indicate the importance of continuous measurements. Better characterization of short- and long-term variability is necessary to understand and improve detection of temporal changes of CO 2 fluxes in response to natural and anthropogenic drivers. Our results indicate that existing global lake carbon budgets relying primarily on daytime measurements yield underestimates of net emissions.
@article{golub_diel_2023,
	title = {Diel, seasonal, and inter-annual variation in carbon dioxide effluxes from lakes and reservoirs},
	volume = {18},
	issn = {1748-9326},
	url = {https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/acb834},
	doi = {10.1088/1748-9326/acb834},
	abstract = {Abstract 
             
              Accounting for temporal changes in carbon dioxide (CO 
              2 
              ) effluxes from freshwaters remains a challenge for global and regional carbon budgets. Here, we synthesize 171 site-months of flux measurements of CO 
              2 
              based on the eddy covariance method from 13 lakes and reservoirs in the Northern Hemisphere, and quantify dynamics at multiple temporal scales. We found pronounced sub-annual variability in CO 
              2 
              flux at all sites. By accounting for diel variation, only 11\% of site-months were net daily sinks of CO 
              2 
              . Annual CO 
              2 
              emissions had an average of 25\% (range 3\%–58\%) interannual variation. Similar to studies on streams, nighttime emissions regularly exceeded daytime emissions. Biophysical regulations of CO 
              2 
              flux variability were delineated through mutual information analysis. Sample analysis of CO 
              2 
              fluxes indicate the importance of continuous measurements. Better characterization of short- and long-term variability is necessary to understand and improve detection of temporal changes of CO 
              2 
              fluxes in response to natural and anthropogenic drivers. Our results indicate that existing global lake carbon budgets relying primarily on daytime measurements yield underestimates of net emissions.},
	number = {3},
	urldate = {2024-05-16},
	journal = {Environmental Research Letters},
	author = {Golub, Malgorzata and Koupaei-Abyazani, Nikaan and Vesala, Timo and Mammarella, Ivan and Ojala, Anne and Bohrer, Gil and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A and Blanken, Peter D and Eugster, Werner and Koebsch, Franziska and Chen, Jiquan and Czajkowski, Kevin and Deshmukh, Chandrashekhar and Guérin, Frederic and Heiskanen, Jouni and Humphreys, Elyn and Jonsson, Anders and Karlsson, Jan and Kling, George and Lee, Xuhui and Liu, Heping and Lohila, Annalea and Lundin, Erik and Morin, Tim and Podgrajsek, Eva and Provenzale, Maria and Rutgersson, Anna and Sachs, Torsten and Sahlée, Erik and Serça, Dominique and Shao, Changliang and Spence, Christopher and Strachan, Ian B and Xiao, Wei and Desai, Ankur R},
	month = mar,
	year = {2023},
	pages = {034046},
}
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