Spatially-resolved star formation histories of CALIFA galaxies. Implications for galaxy formation. González Delgado, R. M., Pérez, E., Cid Fernandes, R., García-Benito, R., López Fernández, R., Vale Asari, N., Cortijo-Ferrero, C., de Amorim, A. L., Lacerda, E. A. D., Sánchez, S. F., Lehnert, M. D., & Walcher, C. J. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 607:A128, November, 2017. Paper doi abstract bibtex This paper presents the spatially resolved star formation history (SFH) of nearby galaxies with the aim of furthering our understanding of the different processes involved in the formation and evolution of galaxies. To this end, we apply the fossil record method of stellar population synthesis to a rich and diverse data set of 436 galaxies observed with integral field spectroscopy in the CALIFA survey. The sample covers a wide range of Hubble types, with stellar masses ranging from M⋆ 109 to 7 × 1011 M⊙. Spectral synthesis techniques are applied to the datacubes to retrieve the spatially resolved time evolution of the star formation rate (SFR), its intensity (ΣSFR), and other descriptors of the 2D SFH in seven bins of galaxy morphology (E, S0, Sa, Sb, Sbc, Sc, and Sd) and five bins of stellar mass. Our main results are that (a) galaxies form very fast independently of their current stellar mass, with the peak of star formation at high redshift (z \textgreater 2). Subsequent star formation is driven by M⋆ and morphology, with less massive and later type spirals showing more prolonged periods of star formation. (b) At any epoch in the past, the SFR is proportional to M⋆, with most massive galaxies having the highest absolute (but lowest specific) SFRs. (c) While today, the ΣSFR is similar for all spirals and significantly lower in early-type galaxies (ETG), in the past, the ΣSFR scales well with morphology. The central regions of today's ETGs are where the ΣSFR reached the highest values (\textgreater 103 M⊙ Gyr-1 pc-2), similar to those measured in high-redshift star-forming galaxies. (d) The evolution of ΣSFR in Sbc systems matches that of models for Milky Way-like galaxies, suggesting that the formation of a thick disk may be a common phase in spirals at early epochs. (e) The SFR and ΣSFR in outer regions of E and S0 galaxies show that they have undergone an extended phase of growth in mass between z = 2 and 0.4. The mass assembled in this phase is in agreement with the two-phase scenario proposed for the formation of ETGs. (f) Evidence of an early and fast quenching is found only in the most massive (M⋆ \textgreater 2 × 1011 M⊙) E galaxies of the sample, but not in spirals of similar mass, suggesting that halo quenching is not the main mechanism for the shut down of star formation in galaxies. Less massive E and disk galaxies show more extended SFHs and a slow quenching. (g) Evidence of fast quenching is also found in the nuclei of ETG and early spirals, with SFR and ΣSFR indicating that they can be the relic of the "red nuggets" detected at high redshift.
@article{gonzalez_delgado_spatially-resolved_2017,
title = {Spatially-resolved star formation histories of {CALIFA} galaxies. {Implications} for galaxy formation},
volume = {607},
issn = {0004-6361},
url = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017A%26A...607A.128G},
doi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201730883},
abstract = {This paper presents the spatially resolved star formation history (SFH)
of nearby galaxies with the aim of furthering our understanding of the
different processes involved in the formation and evolution of galaxies.
To this end, we apply the fossil record method of stellar population
synthesis to a rich and diverse data set of 436 galaxies observed with
integral field spectroscopy in the CALIFA survey. The sample covers a
wide range of Hubble types, with stellar masses ranging from
M⋆ 109 to 7 × 1011
M⊙. Spectral synthesis techniques are applied to the
datacubes to retrieve the spatially resolved time evolution of the star
formation rate (SFR), its intensity (ΣSFR), and other
descriptors of the 2D SFH in seven bins of galaxy morphology (E, S0, Sa,
Sb, Sbc, Sc, and Sd) and five bins of stellar mass. Our main results are
that (a) galaxies form very fast independently of their current stellar
mass, with the peak of star formation at high redshift (z {\textgreater} 2).
Subsequent star formation is driven by M⋆ and
morphology, with less massive and later type spirals showing more
prolonged periods of star formation. (b) At any epoch in the past, the
SFR is proportional to M⋆, with most massive galaxies
having the highest absolute (but lowest specific) SFRs. (c) While today,
the ΣSFR is similar for all spirals and significantly
lower in early-type galaxies (ETG), in the past, the
ΣSFR scales well with morphology. The central regions
of today's ETGs are where the ΣSFR reached the highest
values ({\textgreater} 103 M⊙ Gyr-1
pc-2), similar to those measured in high-redshift
star-forming galaxies. (d) The evolution of ΣSFR in Sbc
systems matches that of models for Milky Way-like galaxies, suggesting
that the formation of a thick disk may be a common phase in spirals at
early epochs. (e) The SFR and ΣSFR in outer regions of
E and S0 galaxies show that they have undergone an extended phase of
growth in mass between z = 2 and 0.4. The mass assembled in this phase
is in agreement with the two-phase scenario proposed for the formation
of ETGs. (f) Evidence of an early and fast quenching is found only in
the most massive (M⋆ {\textgreater} 2 × 1011
M⊙) E galaxies of the sample, but not in spirals of
similar mass, suggesting that halo quenching is not the main mechanism
for the shut down of star formation in galaxies. Less massive E and disk
galaxies show more extended SFHs and a slow quenching. (g) Evidence of
fast quenching is also found in the nuclei of ETG and early spirals,
with SFR and ΣSFR indicating that they can be the relic
of the "red nuggets" detected at high redshift.},
urldate = {2019-10-08},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
author = {González Delgado, R. M. and Pérez, E. and Cid Fernandes, R. and García-Benito, R. and López Fernández, R. and Vale Asari, N. and Cortijo-Ferrero, C. and de Amorim, A. L. and Lacerda, E. A. D. and Sánchez, S. F. and Lehnert, M. D. and Walcher, C. J.},
month = nov,
year = {2017},
keywords = {Galaxy: stellar content, galaxies: evolution},
pages = {A128},
}
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{"_id":"PASuWJjpbYuSnJToK","bibbaseid":"gonzlezdelgado-prez-cidfernandes-garcabenito-lpezfernndez-valeasari-cortijoferrero-deamorim-etal-spatiallyresolvedstarformationhistoriesofcalifagalaxiesimplicationsforgalaxyformation-2017","author_short":["González Delgado, R. M.","Pérez, E.","Cid Fernandes, R.","García-Benito, R.","López Fernández, R.","Vale Asari, N.","Cortijo-Ferrero, C.","de Amorim, A. L.","Lacerda, E. A. D.","Sánchez, S. F.","Lehnert, M. D.","Walcher, C. J."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Spatially-resolved star formation histories of CALIFA galaxies. Implications for galaxy formation","volume":"607","issn":"0004-6361","url":"http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017A%26A...607A.128G","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/201730883","abstract":"This paper presents the spatially resolved star formation history (SFH) of nearby galaxies with the aim of furthering our understanding of the different processes involved in the formation and evolution of galaxies. To this end, we apply the fossil record method of stellar population synthesis to a rich and diverse data set of 436 galaxies observed with integral field spectroscopy in the CALIFA survey. The sample covers a wide range of Hubble types, with stellar masses ranging from M⋆ 109 to 7 × 1011 M⊙. Spectral synthesis techniques are applied to the datacubes to retrieve the spatially resolved time evolution of the star formation rate (SFR), its intensity (ΣSFR), and other descriptors of the 2D SFH in seven bins of galaxy morphology (E, S0, Sa, Sb, Sbc, Sc, and Sd) and five bins of stellar mass. Our main results are that (a) galaxies form very fast independently of their current stellar mass, with the peak of star formation at high redshift (z \\textgreater 2). Subsequent star formation is driven by M⋆ and morphology, with less massive and later type spirals showing more prolonged periods of star formation. (b) At any epoch in the past, the SFR is proportional to M⋆, with most massive galaxies having the highest absolute (but lowest specific) SFRs. (c) While today, the ΣSFR is similar for all spirals and significantly lower in early-type galaxies (ETG), in the past, the ΣSFR scales well with morphology. The central regions of today's ETGs are where the ΣSFR reached the highest values (\\textgreater 103 M⊙ Gyr-1 pc-2), similar to those measured in high-redshift star-forming galaxies. (d) The evolution of ΣSFR in Sbc systems matches that of models for Milky Way-like galaxies, suggesting that the formation of a thick disk may be a common phase in spirals at early epochs. (e) The SFR and ΣSFR in outer regions of E and S0 galaxies show that they have undergone an extended phase of growth in mass between z = 2 and 0.4. The mass assembled in this phase is in agreement with the two-phase scenario proposed for the formation of ETGs. (f) Evidence of an early and fast quenching is found only in the most massive (M⋆ \\textgreater 2 × 1011 M⊙) E galaxies of the sample, but not in spirals of similar mass, suggesting that halo quenching is not the main mechanism for the shut down of star formation in galaxies. Less massive E and disk galaxies show more extended SFHs and a slow quenching. (g) Evidence of fast quenching is also found in the nuclei of ETG and early spirals, with SFR and ΣSFR indicating that they can be the relic of the \"red nuggets\" detected at high redshift.","urldate":"2019-10-08","journal":"Astronomy and Astrophysics","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["González","Delgado"],"firstnames":["R.","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Pérez"],"firstnames":["E."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Cid","Fernandes"],"firstnames":["R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["García-Benito"],"firstnames":["R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["López","Fernández"],"firstnames":["R."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Vale","Asari"],"firstnames":["N."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Cortijo-Ferrero"],"firstnames":["C."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":["de"],"lastnames":["Amorim"],"firstnames":["A.","L."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lacerda"],"firstnames":["E.","A.","D."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Sánchez"],"firstnames":["S.","F."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Lehnert"],"firstnames":["M.","D."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Walcher"],"firstnames":["C.","J."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"November","year":"2017","keywords":"Galaxy: stellar content, galaxies: evolution","pages":"A128","bibtex":"@article{gonzalez_delgado_spatially-resolved_2017,\n\ttitle = {Spatially-resolved star formation histories of {CALIFA} galaxies. {Implications} for galaxy formation},\n\tvolume = {607},\n\tissn = {0004-6361},\n\turl = {http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017A%26A...607A.128G},\n\tdoi = {10.1051/0004-6361/201730883},\n\tabstract = {This paper presents the spatially resolved star formation history (SFH) \nof nearby galaxies with the aim of furthering our understanding of the\ndifferent processes involved in the formation and evolution of galaxies.\nTo this end, we apply the fossil record method of stellar population\nsynthesis to a rich and diverse data set of 436 galaxies observed with\nintegral field spectroscopy in the CALIFA survey. The sample covers a\nwide range of Hubble types, with stellar masses ranging from\nM⋆ 109 to 7 × 1011\nM⊙. Spectral synthesis techniques are applied to the\ndatacubes to retrieve the spatially resolved time evolution of the star\nformation rate (SFR), its intensity (ΣSFR), and other\ndescriptors of the 2D SFH in seven bins of galaxy morphology (E, S0, Sa,\nSb, Sbc, Sc, and Sd) and five bins of stellar mass. Our main results are\nthat (a) galaxies form very fast independently of their current stellar\nmass, with the peak of star formation at high redshift (z {\\textgreater} 2).\nSubsequent star formation is driven by M⋆ and\nmorphology, with less massive and later type spirals showing more\nprolonged periods of star formation. (b) At any epoch in the past, the\nSFR is proportional to M⋆, with most massive galaxies\nhaving the highest absolute (but lowest specific) SFRs. (c) While today,\nthe ΣSFR is similar for all spirals and significantly\nlower in early-type galaxies (ETG), in the past, the\nΣSFR scales well with morphology. The central regions\nof today's ETGs are where the ΣSFR reached the highest\nvalues ({\\textgreater} 103 M⊙ Gyr-1\npc-2), similar to those measured in high-redshift\nstar-forming galaxies. (d) The evolution of ΣSFR in Sbc\nsystems matches that of models for Milky Way-like galaxies, suggesting\nthat the formation of a thick disk may be a common phase in spirals at\nearly epochs. (e) The SFR and ΣSFR in outer regions of\nE and S0 galaxies show that they have undergone an extended phase of\ngrowth in mass between z = 2 and 0.4. The mass assembled in this phase\nis in agreement with the two-phase scenario proposed for the formation\nof ETGs. (f) Evidence of an early and fast quenching is found only in\nthe most massive (M⋆ {\\textgreater} 2 × 1011\nM⊙) E galaxies of the sample, but not in spirals of\nsimilar mass, suggesting that halo quenching is not the main mechanism\nfor the shut down of star formation in galaxies. Less massive E and disk\ngalaxies show more extended SFHs and a slow quenching. (g) Evidence of\nfast quenching is also found in the nuclei of ETG and early spirals,\nwith SFR and ΣSFR indicating that they can be the relic\nof the \"red nuggets\" detected at high redshift.},\n\turldate = {2019-10-08},\n\tjournal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},\n\tauthor = {González Delgado, R. M. and Pérez, E. and Cid Fernandes, R. and García-Benito, R. and López Fernández, R. and Vale Asari, N. and Cortijo-Ferrero, C. and de Amorim, A. L. and Lacerda, E. A. D. and Sánchez, S. F. and Lehnert, M. D. and Walcher, C. 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Implications for galaxy formation","year":2017}