Environmental and taxonomic controls of carbon and oxygen stable isotope composition in <i>Sphagnum</i> across broad climatic and geographic ranges. Granath, G., Rydin, H., Baltzer, J. L., Bengtsson, F., Boncek, N., Bragazza, L., Bu, Z., Caporn, S. J. M., Dorrepaal, E., Galanina, O., Gałka, M., Ganeva, A., Gillikin, D. P., Goia, I., Goncharova, N., Hájek, M., Haraguchi, A., Harris, L. I., Humphreys, E., Jiroušek, M., Kajukało, K., Karofeld, E., Koronatova, N. G., Kosykh, N. P., Lamentowicz, M., Lapshina, E., Limpens, J., Linkosalmi, M., Ma, J., Mauritz, M., Munir, T. M., Natali, S. M., Natcheva, R., Noskova, M., Payne, R. J., Pilkington, K., Robinson, S., Robroek, B. J. M., Rochefort, L., Singer, D., Stenøien, H. K., Tuittila, E., Vellak, K., Verheyden, A., Waddington, J. M., & Rice, S. K. Biogeosciences, 15(16):5189–5202, August, 2018. 00000
Environmental and taxonomic controls of carbon and oxygen stable isotope composition in <i>Sphagnum</i> across broad climatic and geographic ranges [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
\textlessp\textgreater\textlessstrong\textgreaterAbstract.\textless/strong\textgreater Rain-fed peatlands are dominated by peat mosses (Sphagnum sp.), which for their growth depend on nutrients, water and CO$_{\textrm{2}}$ uptake from the atmosphere. As the isotopic composition of carbon ($^{\textrm{12,13}}$C) and oxygen ($^{\textrm{16,18}}$O) of these Sphagnum mosses are affected by environmental conditions, Sphagnum tissue accumulated in peat constitutes a potential long-term archive that can be used for climate reconstruction. However, there is inadequate understanding of how isotope values are influenced by environmental conditions, which restricts their current use as environmental and palaeoenvironmental indicators. Here we tested (i) to what extent C and O isotopic variation in living tissue of Sphagnum is species-specific and associated with local hydrological gradients, climatic gradients (evapotranspiration, temperature, precipitation) and elevation; (ii) whether the C isotopic signature can be a proxy for net primary productivity (NPP) of Sphagnum; and (iii) to what extent Sphagnum tissue δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O tracks the δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O isotope signature of precipitation. In total, we analysed 337 samples from 93 sites across North America and Eurasia using two important peat-forming Sphagnum species (S. magellanicum, S. fuscum) common to the Holarctic realm. There were differences in δ$^{\textrm{13}}$C values between species. For S. magellanicum δ$^{\textrm{13}}$C decreased with increasing height above the water table (HWT, R$^{\textrm{2}}$ = 17\textlessspan class="thinspace"\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater%) and was positively correlated to productivity (R$^{\textrm{2}}$ = 7\textlessspan class="thinspace"\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater%). Together these two variables explained 46\textlessspan class="thinspace"\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater% of the between-site variation in δ$^{\textrm{13}}$C values. For S. fuscum, productivity was the only significant predictor of δ$^{\textrm{13}}$C but had low explanatory power (total R$^{\textrm{2}}$ = 6\textlessspan class="thinspace"\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater%). For δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O values, approximately 90\textlessspan class="thinspace"\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater% of the variation was found between sites. Globally modelled annual δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O values in precipitation explained 69\textlessspan class="thinspace"\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater% of the between-site variation in tissue δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O. S. magellanicum showed lower δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O enrichment than S. fuscum (−0.83\textlessspan class="thinspace"\textgreater\textless/span\textgreater‰ lower). Elevation and climatic variables were weak predictors of tissue δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O values after controlling for δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O values of the precipitation. To summarize, our study provides evidence for (a) good predictability of tissue δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O values from modelled annual δ$^{\textrm{18}}$O values in precipitation, and (b) the possibility of relating tissue δ$^{\textrm{13}}$C values to HWT and NPP, but this appears to be species-dependent. These results suggest that isotope composition can be used on a large scale for climatic reconstructions but that such models should be species-specific.\textless/p\textgreater
@article{granath_environmental_2018,
	title = {Environmental and taxonomic controls of carbon and oxygen stable isotope composition in \textit{{Sphagnum}} across broad climatic and geographic ranges},
	volume = {15},
	issn = {1726-4170},
	url = {https://www.biogeosciences.net/15/5189/2018/bg-15-5189-2018.html},
	doi = {10.5194/bg-15-5189-2018},
	abstract = {{\textless}p{\textgreater}{\textless}strong{\textgreater}Abstract.{\textless}/strong{\textgreater} Rain-fed peatlands are dominated by peat mosses (\textit{Sphagnum} sp.), which for their growth depend on nutrients, water and CO$_{\textrm{2}}$ uptake from the atmosphere. As the isotopic composition of carbon ($^{\textrm{12,13}}$C) and oxygen ($^{\textrm{16,18}}$O) of these \textit{Sphagnum} mosses are affected by environmental conditions, \textit{Sphagnum} tissue accumulated in peat constitutes a potential long-term archive that can be used for climate reconstruction. However, there is inadequate understanding of how isotope values are influenced by environmental conditions, which restricts their current use as environmental and palaeoenvironmental indicators. Here we tested (i) to what extent C and O isotopic variation in living tissue of \textit{Sphagnum} is species-specific and associated with local hydrological gradients, climatic gradients (evapotranspiration, temperature, precipitation) and elevation; (ii) whether the C isotopic signature can be a proxy for net primary productivity (NPP) of \textit{Sphagnum}; and (iii) to what extent \textit{Sphagnum} tissue \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O tracks the \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O isotope signature of precipitation. In total, we analysed 337 samples from 93 sites across North America and Eurasia using two important peat-forming \textit{Sphagnum }species (\textit{S. magellanicum}, \textit{S. fuscum}) common to the Holarctic realm. There were differences in \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{13}}$C values between species. For \textit{S. magellanicum} \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{13}}$C decreased with increasing height above the water table (HWT, \textit{R}$^{\textrm{2}}$ = 17{\textless}span class="thinspace"{\textgreater}{\textless}/span{\textgreater}\%) and was positively correlated to productivity (\textit{R}$^{\textrm{2}}$ = 7{\textless}span class="thinspace"{\textgreater}{\textless}/span{\textgreater}\%). Together these two variables explained 46{\textless}span class="thinspace"{\textgreater}{\textless}/span{\textgreater}\% of the between-site variation in \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{13}}$C values. For \textit{S. fuscum}, productivity was the only significant predictor of \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{13}}$C but had low explanatory power (total \textit{R}$^{\textrm{2}}$ = 6{\textless}span class="thinspace"{\textgreater}{\textless}/span{\textgreater}\%). For \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O values, approximately 90{\textless}span class="thinspace"{\textgreater}{\textless}/span{\textgreater}\% of the variation was found between sites. Globally modelled annual \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O values in precipitation explained 69{\textless}span class="thinspace"{\textgreater}{\textless}/span{\textgreater}\% of the between-site variation in tissue \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O. \textit{S. magellanicum} showed lower \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O enrichment than \textit{S. fuscum} (−0.83{\textless}span class="thinspace"{\textgreater}{\textless}/span{\textgreater}‰ lower). Elevation and climatic variables were weak predictors of tissue \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O values after controlling for \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O values of the precipitation. To summarize, our study provides evidence for (a) good predictability of tissue \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O values from modelled annual \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{18}}$O values in precipitation, and (b) the possibility of relating tissue \textit{δ}$^{\textrm{13}}$C values to HWT and NPP, but this appears to be species-dependent. These results suggest that isotope composition can be used on a large scale for climatic reconstructions but that such models should be species-specific.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}},
	language = {English},
	number = {16},
	urldate = {2018-09-17},
	journal = {Biogeosciences},
	author = {Granath, Gustaf and Rydin, Håkan and Baltzer, Jennifer L. and Bengtsson, Fia and Boncek, Nicholas and Bragazza, Luca and Bu, Zhao-Jun and Caporn, Simon J. M. and Dorrepaal, Ellen and Galanina, Olga and Gałka, Mariusz and Ganeva, Anna and Gillikin, David P. and Goia, Irina and Goncharova, Nadezhda and Hájek, Michal and Haraguchi, Akira and Harris, Lorna I. and Humphreys, Elyn and Jiroušek, Martin and Kajukało, Katarzyna and Karofeld, Edgar and Koronatova, Natalia G. and Kosykh, Natalia P. and Lamentowicz, Mariusz and Lapshina, Elena and Limpens, Juul and Linkosalmi, Maiju and Ma, Jin-Ze and Mauritz, Marguerite and Munir, Tariq M. and Natali, Susan M. and Natcheva, Rayna and Noskova, Maria and Payne, Richard J. and Pilkington, Kyle and Robinson, Sean and Robroek, Bjorn J. M. and Rochefort, Line and Singer, David and Stenøien, Hans K. and Tuittila, Eeva-Stiina and Vellak, Kai and Verheyden, Anouk and Waddington, James Michael and Rice, Steven K.},
	month = aug,
	year = {2018},
	note = {00000},
	keywords = {\#nosource},
	pages = {5189--5202},
}

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