@article{RN123,
   author = {Graybill, P. M. and Jana, A. and Kapania, R. K. and Nain, A. S. and Davalos, R. V.},
   title = {Single Cell Forces after Electroporation},
   journal = {ACS Nano},
   volume = {15},
   number = {2},
   pages = {2554-2568},
   note = {1936-086x
Graybill, Philip M
Orcid: 0000-0002-2057-7478
Jana, Aniket
Orcid: 0000-0003-2830-8210
Kapania, Rakesh K
Nain, Amrinder S
Orcid: 0000-0002-9757-2341
Davalos, Rafael V
Orcid: 0000-0003-1503-9509
P01 CA207206/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
United States
2020/11/26
ACS Nano. 2021 Feb 23;15(2):2554-2568. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07020. Epub 2020 Nov 25.},
   abstract = {Exogenous high-voltage pulses increase cell membrane permeability through a phenomenon known as electroporation. This process may also disrupt the cell cytoskeleton causing changes in cell contractility; however, the contractile signature of cell force after electroporation remains unknown. Here, single-cell forces post-electroporation are measured using suspended extracellular matrix-mimicking nanofibers that act as force sensors. Ten, 100 μs pulses are delivered at three voltage magnitudes (500, 1000, and 1500 V) and two directions (parallel and perpendicular to cell orientation), exposing glioblastoma cells to electric fields between 441 V cm(-1) and 1366 V cm(-1). Cytoskeletal-driven force loss and recovery post-electroporation involves three distinct stages. Low electric field magnitudes do not cause disruption, but higher fields nearly eliminate contractility 2-10 min post-electroporation as cells round following calcium-mediated retraction (stage 1). Following rounding, a majority of analyzed cells enter an unusual and unexpected biphasic stage (stage 2) characterized by increased contractility tens of minutes post-electroporation, followed by force relaxation. The biphasic stage is concurrent with actin disruption-driven blebbing. Finally, cells elongate and regain their pre-electroporation morphology and contractility in 1-3 h (stage 3). With increasing voltages applied perpendicular to cell orientation, we observe a significant drop in cell viability. Experiments with multiple healthy and cancerous cell lines demonstrate that contractile force is a more dynamic and sensitive metric than cell shape to electroporation. A mechanobiological understanding of cell contractility post-electroporation will deepen our understanding of the mechanisms that drive recovery and may have implications for molecular medicine, genetic engineering, and cellular biophysics.},
   keywords = {*Actins/metabolism
Cell Membrane/metabolism
Cell Membrane Permeability
Cell Survival
Cytoskeleton/metabolism
*Electroporation
actin
cytoskeleton
electroporation
forces
mechanobiology
nanofibers
pulsed electric fields},
   ISSN = {1936-0851},
   DOI = {10.1021/acsnano.0c07020},
   year = {2021},
   type = {Journal Article}
}

{"_id":"bu6hGpwSpgxmsGo5Y","bibbaseid":"graybill-jana-kapania-nain-davalos-singlecellforcesafterelectroporation-2021","author_short":["Graybill, P. M.","Jana, A.","Kapania, R. K.","Nain, A. S.","Davalos, R. V."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"Journal Article","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Graybill"],"firstnames":["P.","M."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Jana"],"firstnames":["A."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kapania"],"firstnames":["R.","K."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Nain"],"firstnames":["A.","S."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Davalos"],"firstnames":["R.","V."],"suffixes":[]}],"title":"Single Cell Forces after Electroporation","journal":"ACS Nano","volume":"15","number":"2","pages":"2554-2568","note":"1936-086x Graybill, Philip M Orcid: 0000-0002-2057-7478 Jana, Aniket Orcid: 0000-0003-2830-8210 Kapania, Rakesh K Nain, Amrinder S Orcid: 0000-0002-9757-2341 Davalos, Rafael V Orcid: 0000-0003-1503-9509 P01 CA207206/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. United States 2020/11/26 ACS Nano. 2021 Feb 23;15(2):2554-2568. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07020. Epub 2020 Nov 25.","abstract":"Exogenous high-voltage pulses increase cell membrane permeability through a phenomenon known as electroporation. This process may also disrupt the cell cytoskeleton causing changes in cell contractility; however, the contractile signature of cell force after electroporation remains unknown. Here, single-cell forces post-electroporation are measured using suspended extracellular matrix-mimicking nanofibers that act as force sensors. Ten, 100 μs pulses are delivered at three voltage magnitudes (500, 1000, and 1500 V) and two directions (parallel and perpendicular to cell orientation), exposing glioblastoma cells to electric fields between 441 V cm(-1) and 1366 V cm(-1). Cytoskeletal-driven force loss and recovery post-electroporation involves three distinct stages. Low electric field magnitudes do not cause disruption, but higher fields nearly eliminate contractility 2-10 min post-electroporation as cells round following calcium-mediated retraction (stage 1). Following rounding, a majority of analyzed cells enter an unusual and unexpected biphasic stage (stage 2) characterized by increased contractility tens of minutes post-electroporation, followed by force relaxation. The biphasic stage is concurrent with actin disruption-driven blebbing. Finally, cells elongate and regain their pre-electroporation morphology and contractility in 1-3 h (stage 3). With increasing voltages applied perpendicular to cell orientation, we observe a significant drop in cell viability. Experiments with multiple healthy and cancerous cell lines demonstrate that contractile force is a more dynamic and sensitive metric than cell shape to electroporation. A mechanobiological understanding of cell contractility post-electroporation will deepen our understanding of the mechanisms that drive recovery and may have implications for molecular medicine, genetic engineering, and cellular biophysics.","keywords":"*Actins/metabolism Cell Membrane/metabolism Cell Membrane Permeability Cell Survival Cytoskeleton/metabolism *Electroporation actin cytoskeleton electroporation forces mechanobiology nanofibers pulsed electric fields","issn":"1936-0851","doi":"10.1021/acsnano.0c07020","year":"2021","bibtex":"@article{RN123,\n author = {Graybill, P. M. and Jana, A. and Kapania, R. K. and Nain, A. S. and Davalos, R. V.},\n title = {Single Cell Forces after Electroporation},\n journal = {ACS Nano},\n volume = {15},\n number = {2},\n pages = {2554-2568},\n note = {1936-086x\nGraybill, Philip M\nOrcid: 0000-0002-2057-7478\nJana, Aniket\nOrcid: 0000-0003-2830-8210\nKapania, Rakesh K\nNain, Amrinder S\nOrcid: 0000-0002-9757-2341\nDavalos, Rafael V\nOrcid: 0000-0003-1503-9509\nP01 CA207206/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States\nJournal Article\nResearch Support, N.I.H., Extramural\nResearch Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.\nUnited States\n2020/11/26\nACS Nano. 2021 Feb 23;15(2):2554-2568. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07020. Epub 2020 Nov 25.},\n abstract = {Exogenous high-voltage pulses increase cell membrane permeability through a phenomenon known as electroporation. This process may also disrupt the cell cytoskeleton causing changes in cell contractility; however, the contractile signature of cell force after electroporation remains unknown. Here, single-cell forces post-electroporation are measured using suspended extracellular matrix-mimicking nanofibers that act as force sensors. Ten, 100 μs pulses are delivered at three voltage magnitudes (500, 1000, and 1500 V) and two directions (parallel and perpendicular to cell orientation), exposing glioblastoma cells to electric fields between 441 V cm(-1) and 1366 V cm(-1). Cytoskeletal-driven force loss and recovery post-electroporation involves three distinct stages. Low electric field magnitudes do not cause disruption, but higher fields nearly eliminate contractility 2-10 min post-electroporation as cells round following calcium-mediated retraction (stage 1). Following rounding, a majority of analyzed cells enter an unusual and unexpected biphasic stage (stage 2) characterized by increased contractility tens of minutes post-electroporation, followed by force relaxation. The biphasic stage is concurrent with actin disruption-driven blebbing. Finally, cells elongate and regain their pre-electroporation morphology and contractility in 1-3 h (stage 3). With increasing voltages applied perpendicular to cell orientation, we observe a significant drop in cell viability. Experiments with multiple healthy and cancerous cell lines demonstrate that contractile force is a more dynamic and sensitive metric than cell shape to electroporation. A mechanobiological understanding of cell contractility post-electroporation will deepen our understanding of the mechanisms that drive recovery and may have implications for molecular medicine, genetic engineering, and cellular biophysics.},\n keywords = {*Actins/metabolism\nCell Membrane/metabolism\nCell Membrane Permeability\nCell Survival\nCytoskeleton/metabolism\n*Electroporation\nactin\ncytoskeleton\nelectroporation\nforces\nmechanobiology\nnanofibers\npulsed electric fields},\n ISSN = {1936-0851},\n DOI = {10.1021/acsnano.0c07020},\n year = {2021},\n type = {Journal Article}\n}\n\n","author_short":["Graybill, P. M.","Jana, A.","Kapania, R. K.","Nain, A. S.","Davalos, R. 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