@Article{Grieser1988,
  author   = {DiAnne L. Grieser and Patricia K. Kuhl},
  journal  = {Dev Psychol},
  title    = {Maternal speech to infants in a tonal language: Support for universal prosodic features in motherese.},
  year     = {1988},
  number   = {1},
  pages    = {14--20},
  volume   = {24},
  abstract = {The prosodic features of maternal speech addressed to 2-month-old infants were measured quantitatively in a tonal language, Mandarin Chinese, to determine whether the features are similar to those observed in nontonal languages such as English and German. Speech samples were recorded when 8 Mandarin-speaking mothers addressed an adult and their own infants. Eight prosodic features were measured by computer: fundamental frequency (pitch), frequency range per sample, frequency range per phrase, phrase duration, pause duration, number of phrases per sample, number of syllables per phrase, and the proportion of phrase time as opposed to pause time per sample. Results showed that fundamental frequency was significantly higher and exhibited a larger range over the entire sample as well as a larger range per phrase in infant-directed as opposed to adult-directed speech. Durational analyses indicated significantly shorter utterances and longer pauses in infant-directed speech. Significantly fewer phrases per sample, fewer syllables per phrase, and less phrase-time per sample occurred in infant-directed speech. This pattern of results for Mandarin motherese is similar to that reported in other languages and suggests that motherese may exhibit universal prosodic features.},
  doi      = {10.1037/0012-1649.24.1.14},
  groups   = {Infant direct speech},
}

{"_id":"JxDwXxw32KezvmFjE","bibbaseid":"grieser-kuhl-maternalspeechtoinfantsinatonallanguagesupportforuniversalprosodicfeaturesinmotherese-1988","author_short":["Grieser, D. L.","Kuhl, P. K."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"firstnames":["DiAnne","L."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Grieser"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["Patricia","K."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Kuhl"],"suffixes":[]}],"journal":"Dev Psychol","title":"Maternal speech to infants in a tonal language: Support for universal prosodic features in motherese.","year":"1988","number":"1","pages":"14–20","volume":"24","abstract":"The prosodic features of maternal speech addressed to 2-month-old infants were measured quantitatively in a tonal language, Mandarin Chinese, to determine whether the features are similar to those observed in nontonal languages such as English and German. Speech samples were recorded when 8 Mandarin-speaking mothers addressed an adult and their own infants. Eight prosodic features were measured by computer: fundamental frequency (pitch), frequency range per sample, frequency range per phrase, phrase duration, pause duration, number of phrases per sample, number of syllables per phrase, and the proportion of phrase time as opposed to pause time per sample. Results showed that fundamental frequency was significantly higher and exhibited a larger range over the entire sample as well as a larger range per phrase in infant-directed as opposed to adult-directed speech. Durational analyses indicated significantly shorter utterances and longer pauses in infant-directed speech. Significantly fewer phrases per sample, fewer syllables per phrase, and less phrase-time per sample occurred in infant-directed speech. This pattern of results for Mandarin motherese is similar to that reported in other languages and suggests that motherese may exhibit universal prosodic features.","doi":"10.1037/0012-1649.24.1.14","groups":"Infant direct speech","bibtex":"@Article{Grieser1988,\n author = {DiAnne L. Grieser and Patricia K. Kuhl},\n journal = {Dev Psychol},\n title = {Maternal speech to infants in a tonal language: Support for universal prosodic features in motherese.},\n year = {1988},\n number = {1},\n pages = {14--20},\n volume = {24},\n abstract = {The prosodic features of maternal speech addressed to 2-month-old infants were measured quantitatively in a tonal language, Mandarin Chinese, to determine whether the features are similar to those observed in nontonal languages such as English and German. Speech samples were recorded when 8 Mandarin-speaking mothers addressed an adult and their own infants. Eight prosodic features were measured by computer: fundamental frequency (pitch), frequency range per sample, frequency range per phrase, phrase duration, pause duration, number of phrases per sample, number of syllables per phrase, and the proportion of phrase time as opposed to pause time per sample. Results showed that fundamental frequency was significantly higher and exhibited a larger range over the entire sample as well as a larger range per phrase in infant-directed as opposed to adult-directed speech. Durational analyses indicated significantly shorter utterances and longer pauses in infant-directed speech. Significantly fewer phrases per sample, fewer syllables per phrase, and less phrase-time per sample occurred in infant-directed speech. This pattern of results for Mandarin motherese is similar to that reported in other languages and suggests that motherese may exhibit universal prosodic features.},\n doi = {10.1037/0012-1649.24.1.14},\n groups = {Infant direct speech},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Grieser, D. L.","Kuhl, P. K."],"key":"Grieser1988","id":"Grieser1988","bibbaseid":"grieser-kuhl-maternalspeechtoinfantsinatonallanguagesupportforuniversalprosodicfeaturesinmotherese-1988","role":"author","urls":{},"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"http://endress.org/publications/ansgar.bib","dataSources":["xPGxHAeh3vZpx4yyE"],"keywords":[],"search_terms":["maternal","speech","infants","tonal","language","support","universal","prosodic","features","motherese","grieser","kuhl"],"title":"Maternal speech to infants in a tonal language: Support for universal prosodic features in motherese.","year":1988}