Treadmill walking accompanied by simulated motion reduces perceived distances, likely through motion parallax from head bobbing. Guo, H. & Allison, R. S. In International Multisensory Research Forum 2025, Abstract Booklet, pages 117. 2025. ![Treadmill walking accompanied by simulated motion reduces perceived distances, likely through motion parallax from head bobbing [pdf]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg "pdf")
-1 abstract bibtex A superimposed optic flow (OF) field reportedly causes objects to appear closer both during standing and treadmill walking. Here, we explored how simulated and active self-motion affect distance perception in virtual reality. In experiment 1, participants estimated egocentric or allocentric distances for objects that were 4, 5, or 6 m away or apart, in two separate tasks. In the sagittal-lateral task, participants estimated a sagittal distance by adjusting a lateral extent to match, and vice-versa in the lateral-sagittal task. Participants performed both tasks in three conditions: no simulated self-motion while standing (stationary), visually simulated forward self-motion while standing (OF only), and simulated motion with treadmill walking (OF+treadmill). Results to date show that in both tasks, there were no significant differences between the OF only and stationary conditions. However, the OF+treadmill condition estimates were significantly smaller than those in the other conditions for both sagittal-lateral and lateral-sagittal judgements. To investigate the role of stepping-induced head movements in the treadmill condition, in Experiment 2, we recorded and replayed participants' head bobbing (`simulated bobbing' condition). Results to date show significant differences only between the standing conditions and the conditions involving real or simulated head bobbing. We conclude that simulated motion does not affect estimates of egocentric and allocentric distances of 4-6 m in VR. Active walking decreased the estimated distance, but this was likely due to the motion parallax caused by head bobbing.
@incollection{Guo:aa,
abstract = {A superimposed optic flow (OF) field reportedly causes objects to appear closer both during standing
and treadmill walking. Here, we explored how simulated and active self-motion affect distance
perception in virtual reality. In experiment 1, participants estimated egocentric or allocentric distances
for objects that were 4, 5, or 6 m away or apart, in two separate tasks. In the sagittal-lateral task,
participants estimated a sagittal distance by adjusting a lateral extent to match, and vice-versa in the
lateral-sagittal task. Participants performed both tasks in three conditions: no simulated self-motion
while standing (stationary), visually simulated forward self-motion while standing (OF only), and
simulated motion with treadmill walking (OF+treadmill). Results to date show that in both tasks, there
were no significant differences between the OF only and stationary conditions. However, the
OF+treadmill condition estimates were significantly smaller than those in the other conditions for both
sagittal-lateral and lateral-sagittal judgements. To investigate the role of stepping-induced head
movements in the treadmill condition, in Experiment 2, we recorded and replayed participants' head
bobbing (`simulated bobbing' condition). Results to date show significant differences only between the
standing conditions and the conditions involving real or simulated head bobbing. We conclude that
simulated motion does not affect estimates of egocentric and allocentric distances of 4-6 m in VR.
Active walking decreased the estimated distance, but this was likely due to the motion parallax
caused by head bobbing.},
author = {Guo, H. and Allison, R. S.},
booktitle = {International Multisensory Research Forum 2025, Abstract Booklet},
date-added = {2025-07-26 06:39:23 -0400},
date-modified = {2025-07-26 06:39:23 -0400},
keywords = {Optic flow & Self Motion (also Locomotion & Aviation)},
pages = {117},
title = {Treadmill walking accompanied by simulated motion reduces perceived distances, likely through motion parallax from head bobbing},
url-1 = {https://imrf2025.sciencesconf.org/data/AbstractBooklet_Complete_14_07_25.pdf},
year = {2025}}
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Participants performed both tasks in three conditions: no simulated self-motion while standing (stationary), visually simulated forward self-motion while standing (OF only), and simulated motion with treadmill walking (OF+treadmill). Results to date show that in both tasks, there were no significant differences between the OF only and stationary conditions. However, the OF+treadmill condition estimates were significantly smaller than those in the other conditions for both sagittal-lateral and lateral-sagittal judgements. To investigate the role of stepping-induced head movements in the treadmill condition, in Experiment 2, we recorded and replayed participants' head bobbing (`simulated bobbing' condition). Results to date show significant differences only between the standing conditions and the conditions involving real or simulated head bobbing. We conclude that simulated motion does not affect estimates of egocentric and allocentric distances of 4-6 m in VR. 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Here, we explored how simulated and active self-motion affect distance\nperception in virtual reality. In experiment 1, participants estimated egocentric or allocentric distances\nfor objects that were 4, 5, or 6 m away or apart, in two separate tasks. In the sagittal-lateral task,\nparticipants estimated a sagittal distance by adjusting a lateral extent to match, and vice-versa in the\nlateral-sagittal task. Participants performed both tasks in three conditions: no simulated self-motion\nwhile standing (stationary), visually simulated forward self-motion while standing (OF only), and\nsimulated motion with treadmill walking (OF+treadmill). Results to date show that in both tasks, there\nwere no significant differences between the OF only and stationary conditions. However, the\nOF+treadmill condition estimates were significantly smaller than those in the other conditions for both\nsagittal-lateral and lateral-sagittal judgements. To investigate the role of stepping-induced head\nmovements in the treadmill condition, in Experiment 2, we recorded and replayed participants' head\nbobbing (`simulated bobbing' condition). Results to date show significant differences only between the\nstanding conditions and the conditions involving real or simulated head bobbing. We conclude that\nsimulated motion does not affect estimates of egocentric and allocentric distances of 4-6 m in VR.\nActive walking decreased the estimated distance, but this was likely due to the motion parallax\ncaused by head bobbing.},\n\tauthor = {Guo, H. and Allison, R. 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