GRADE guidelines: 8. Rating the quality of evidence—indirectness. Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Kunz, R., Woodcock, J., Brozek, J., Helfand, M., Alonso-Coello, P., Falck-Ytter, Y., Jaeschke, R., Vist, G., Akl, E. A., Post, P. N., Norris, S., Meerpohl, J., Shukla, V. K., Nasser, M., & Schünemann, H. J. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 64(12):1303–1310, December, 2011. ![GRADE guidelines: 8. Rating the quality of evidence—indirectness [link]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/link.svg "link")
Paper doi abstract bibtex Direct evidence comes from research that directly compares the interventions in which we are interested when applied to the populations in which we are interested and measures outcomes important to patients. Evidence can be indirect in one of four ways. First, patients may differ from those of interest (the term applicability is often used for this form of indirectness). Secondly, the intervention tested may differ from the intervention of interest. Decisions regarding indirectness of patients and interventions depend on an understanding of whether biological or social factors are sufficiently different that one might expect substantial differences in the magnitude of effect.
@article{guyatt_grade_2011-1,
title = {{GRADE} guidelines: 8. {Rating} the quality of evidence—indirectness},
volume = {64},
issn = {08954356},
shorttitle = {{GRADE} guidelines},
url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0895435611001831},
doi = {10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.04.014},
abstract = {Direct evidence comes from research that directly compares the interventions in which we are interested when applied to the populations in which we are interested and measures outcomes important to patients. Evidence can be indirect in one of four ways. First, patients may differ from those of interest (the term applicability is often used for this form of indirectness). Secondly, the intervention tested may differ from the intervention of interest. Decisions regarding indirectness of patients and interventions depend on an understanding of whether biological or social factors are sufficiently different that one might expect substantial differences in the magnitude of effect.},
language = {en},
number = {12},
urldate = {2020-06-30},
journal = {Journal of Clinical Epidemiology},
author = {Guyatt, Gordon H. and Oxman, Andrew D. and Kunz, Regina and Woodcock, James and Brozek, Jan and Helfand, Mark and Alonso-Coello, Pablo and Falck-Ytter, Yngve and Jaeschke, Roman and Vist, Gunn and Akl, Elie A. and Post, Piet N. and Norris, Susan and Meerpohl, Joerg and Shukla, Vijay K. and Nasser, Mona and Schünemann, Holger J.},
month = dec,
year = {2011},
pages = {1303--1310},
file = {Guyatt et al. - 2011 - GRADE guidelines 8. Rating the quality of evidenc.pdf:/Users/neil.hawkins/Zotero/storage/XAFCLIIJ/Guyatt et al. - 2011 - GRADE guidelines 8. Rating the quality of evidenc.pdf:application/pdf},
}
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