Consistent Directions of Effect for Established Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variants Across Populations. Haiman, C. A., Fesinmeyer, M. D., Spencer, K. L., Búz̃ková, P., Voruganti, V. S., Wan, P., Haessler, J., Franceschini, N., Monroe, K. R., Howard, B. V., Jackson, R. D., Florez, J. C., Kolonel, L. N., Buyske, S., Goodloe, R. J., Liu, S., Manson, J. E., Meigs, J. B., Waters, K., Mukamal, K. J., Pendergrass, S. A., Shrader, P., Wilkens, L. R., Hindorff, L. A., Ambite, J. L., North, K. E., Peters, U., Crawford, D. C., Marchand, L. L., & Pankow, J. S. Diabetes, 61(6):1642-1647, 2012.
Consistent Directions of Effect for Established Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variants Across Populations [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
Common genetic risk variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have primarily been identified in populations of European and Asian ancestry. We tested whether the direction of association with 20 T2D risk variants generalizes across six major racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. as part of the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology Consortium (16,235 diabetes case and 46,122 control subjects of European American, African American, Hispanic, East Asian, American Indian, and Native Hawaiian ancestry). The percentage of positive (odds ratio [OR] >1 for putative risk allele) associations ranged from 69% in American Indians to 100% in European Americans. Of the nine variants where we observed significant heterogeneity of effect by racial/ethnic group (Pheterogeneity < 0.05), eight were positively associated with risk (OR >1) in at least five groups. The marked directional consistency of association observed for most genetic variants across populations implies a shared functional common variant in each region. Fine-mapping of all loci will be required to reveal markers of risk that are important within and across populations.
@article{haiman2012,
author = {Christopher A. Haiman and Megan D. Fesinmeyer and Kylee L. Spencer and Petra B\'u\~zkov\'a and Voruganti, V. Saroja and Peggy Wan and Jeff Haessler and Nora Franceschini and Kristine R. Monroe and Barbara V. Howard and Rebecca D. Jackson and Jose C. Florez and Laurence N. Kolonel and Steven Buyske and Robert J. Goodloe and Simin Liu and JoAnn E. Manson and James B. Meigs and Kevin Waters and Kenneth J. Mukamal and Sarah A. Pendergrass and Peter Shrader and Lynne R. Wilkens and Lucia A. Hindorff and Jose Luis Ambite and Kari E. North and Ulrike Peters and Dana C. Crawford and Loic Le Marchand and James S. Pankow}, 
title = {Consistent Directions of Effect for Established Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variants Across Populations}, 
volume = {61}, 
number = {6}, 
pages = {1642-1647}, 
year = {2012}, 
doi = {10.2337/db11-1296}, 
abstract ={Common genetic risk variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have primarily been identified in populations of European and Asian ancestry. We tested whether the direction of association with 20 T2D risk variants generalizes across six major racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. as part of the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology Consortium (16,235 diabetes case and 46,122 control subjects of European American, African American, Hispanic, East Asian, American Indian, and Native Hawaiian ancestry). The percentage of positive (odds ratio [OR] &gt;1 for putative risk allele) associations ranged from 69% in American Indians to 100% in European Americans. Of the nine variants where we observed significant heterogeneity of effect by racial/ethnic group (Pheterogeneity &lt; 0.05), eight were positively associated with risk (OR &gt;1) in at least five groups. The marked directional consistency of association observed for most genetic variants across populations implies a shared functional common variant in each region. Fine-mapping of all loci will be required to reveal markers of risk that are important within and across populations.}, 
URL = {http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/61/6/1642.abstract}, 
eprint = {http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/61/6/1642.full.pdf+html}, 
journal = {Diabetes} 
}

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