Multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality in dialysis patients: a French registry-based nationwide study. Hamroun, A., Génin, M., Glowacki, F., Sautenet, B., Leffondré, K., De Courrèges, A., Dauchet, L., Gauthier, V., Bayer, F., Lassalle, M., Couchoud, C., Amouyel, P., & Occelli, F. Frontiers in Public Health, July, 2024. Publisher: Frontiers
Multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality in dialysis patients: a French registry-based nationwide study [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
\textlesssec id="sec1"\textgreater\textlesstitle\textgreaterBackground\textless/title\textgreater\textlessp\textgreaterLittle is known about the effect of combined exposure to different air pollutants on mortality in dialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of multiple exposures to air pollutants with all-cause and cause-specific death in dialysis patients.\textless/p\textgreater\textless/sec\textgreater\textlesssec id="sec2"\textgreater\textlesstitle\textgreaterMaterials and methods\textless/title\textgreater\textlessp\textgreaterThis registry-based nationwide cohort study included 90,373 adult kidney failure patients initiating maintenance dialysis between 2012 and 2020 identified from the French REIN registry. Estimated mean annual municipality levels of PM$_{\textrm{2.5}}$, PM$_{\textrm{10}}$, and NO$_{\textrm{2}}$ between 2009 and 2020 were combined in different composite air pollution scores to estimate each participant’s exposure at the residential place one to 3 years before dialysis initiation. Adjusted cause-specific Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) per interquartile range (IQR) greater air pollution score. Effect measure modification was assessed for age, sex, dialysis care model, and baseline comorbidities.\textless/p\textgreater\textless/sec\textgreater\textlesssec id="sec3"\textgreater\textlesstitle\textgreaterResults\textless/title\textgreater\textlessp\textgreaterHigher levels of the main air pollution score were associated with a greater rate of all-cause deaths (HR, 1.082 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.057–1.104] per IQR increase), regardless of the exposure lag. This association was also confirmed in cause-specific analyses, most markedly for infectious mortality (HR, 1.686 [95% CI, 1.470–1.933]). Sensitivity analyses with alternative composite air pollution scores showed consistent findings. Subgroup analyses revealed a significantly stronger association among women and fewer comorbid patients.\textless/p\textgreater\textless/sec\textgreater\textlesssec id="sec4"\textgreater\textlesstitle\textgreaterDiscussion\textless/title\textgreater\textlessp\textgreaterLong-term multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients receiving maintenance dialysis, suggesting that air pollution may be a significant contributor to the increasing trend of CKD-attributable mortality worldwide.\textless/p\textgreater\textless/sec\textgreater
@article{hamroun_multiple_2024,
	title = {Multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality in dialysis patients: a {French} registry-based nationwide study},
	volume = {12},
	issn = {2296-2565},
	shorttitle = {Multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality in dialysis patients},
	url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390999/full},
	doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390999},
	abstract = {{\textless}sec id="sec1"{\textgreater}{\textless}title{\textgreater}Background{\textless}/title{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}Little is known about the effect of combined exposure to different air pollutants on mortality in dialysis patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of multiple exposures to air pollutants with all-cause and cause-specific death in dialysis patients.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}/sec{\textgreater}{\textless}sec id="sec2"{\textgreater}{\textless}title{\textgreater}Materials and methods{\textless}/title{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}This registry-based nationwide cohort study included 90,373 adult kidney failure patients initiating maintenance dialysis between 2012 and 2020 identified from the French REIN registry. Estimated mean annual municipality levels of PM$_{\textrm{2.5}}$, PM$_{\textrm{10}}$, and NO$_{\textrm{2}}$ between 2009 and 2020 were combined in different composite air pollution scores to estimate each participant’s exposure at the residential place one to 3 years before dialysis initiation. Adjusted cause-specific Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) per interquartile range (IQR) greater air pollution score. Effect measure modification was assessed for age, sex, dialysis care model, and baseline comorbidities.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}/sec{\textgreater}{\textless}sec id="sec3"{\textgreater}{\textless}title{\textgreater}Results{\textless}/title{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}Higher levels of the main air pollution score were associated with a greater rate of all-cause deaths (HR, 1.082 [95\% confidence interval (CI), 1.057–1.104] per IQR increase), regardless of the exposure lag. This association was also confirmed in cause-specific analyses, most markedly for infectious mortality (HR, 1.686 [95\% CI, 1.470–1.933]). Sensitivity analyses with alternative composite air pollution scores showed consistent findings. Subgroup analyses revealed a significantly stronger association among women and fewer comorbid patients.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}/sec{\textgreater}{\textless}sec id="sec4"{\textgreater}{\textless}title{\textgreater}Discussion{\textless}/title{\textgreater}{\textless}p{\textgreater}Long-term multiple air pollutant exposure is associated with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among patients receiving maintenance dialysis, suggesting that air pollution may be a significant contributor to the increasing trend of CKD-attributable mortality worldwide.{\textless}/p{\textgreater}{\textless}/sec{\textgreater}},
	language = {English},
	urldate = {2024-08-03},
	journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
	author = {Hamroun, Aghiles and Génin, Michaël and Glowacki, François and Sautenet, Bénédicte and Leffondré, Karen and De Courrèges, Antoine and Dauchet, Luc and Gauthier, Victoria and Bayer, Florian and Lassalle, Mathilde and Couchoud, Cécile and Amouyel, Philippe and Occelli, Florent},
	month = jul,
	year = {2024},
	note = {Publisher: Frontiers},
	keywords = {Air Pollution, All-cause mortality, Dialysis, Environmental Exposure, Nitrogen Dioxide, Particulate Matter},
}
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