Neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human neocortex. Hansen, D. V, Lui, J. H, Parker, P. R L, & Kriegstein, A. R Nature, 464(7288):554–561, England, March, 2010.
abstract   bibtex   
Neurons in the developing rodent cortex are generated from radial glial cells that function as neural stem cells. These epithelial cells line the cerebral ventricles and generate intermediate progenitor cells that migrate into the subventricular zone (SVZ) and proliferate to increase neuronal number. The developing human SVZ has a massively expanded outer region (OSVZ) thought to contribute to cortical size and complexity. However, OSVZ progenitor cell types and their contribution to neurogenesis are not well understood. Here we show that large numbers of radial glia-like cells and intermediate progenitor cells populate the human OSVZ. We find that OSVZ radial glia-like cells have a long basal process but, surprisingly, are non-epithelial as they lack contact with the ventricular surface. Using real-time imaging and clonal analysis, we demonstrate that these cells can undergo proliferative divisions and self-renewing asymmetric divisions to generate neuronal progenitor cells that can proliferate further. We also show that inhibition of Notch signalling in OSVZ progenitor cells induces their neuronal differentiation. The establishment of non-ventricular radial glia-like cells may have been a critical evolutionary advance underlying increased cortical size and complexity in the human brain.
@ARTICLE{Hansen2010-pi,
  title    = "Neurogenic radial glia in the outer subventricular zone of human
              neocortex",
  author   = "Hansen, David V and Lui, Jan H and Parker, Philip R L and
              Kriegstein, Arnold R",
  abstract = "Neurons in the developing rodent cortex are generated from radial
              glial cells that function as neural stem cells. These epithelial
              cells line the cerebral ventricles and generate intermediate
              progenitor cells that migrate into the subventricular zone (SVZ)
              and proliferate to increase neuronal number. The developing human
              SVZ has a massively expanded outer region (OSVZ) thought to
              contribute to cortical size and complexity. However, OSVZ
              progenitor cell types and their contribution to neurogenesis are
              not well understood. Here we show that large numbers of radial
              glia-like cells and intermediate progenitor cells populate the
              human OSVZ. We find that OSVZ radial glia-like cells have a long
              basal process but, surprisingly, are non-epithelial as they lack
              contact with the ventricular surface. Using real-time imaging and
              clonal analysis, we demonstrate that these cells can undergo
              proliferative divisions and self-renewing asymmetric divisions to
              generate neuronal progenitor cells that can proliferate further.
              We also show that inhibition of Notch signalling in OSVZ
              progenitor cells induces their neuronal differentiation. The
              establishment of non-ventricular radial glia-like cells may have
              been a critical evolutionary advance underlying increased
              cortical size and complexity in the human brain.",
  journal  = "Nature",
  volume   =  464,
  number   =  7288,
  pages    = "554--561",
  month    =  mar,
  year     =  2010,
  address  = "England",
  language = "en"
}

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