Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research. Hart, S. G. & Staveland, L. E. In Advances in Psychology, volume 52, pages 139–183. Elsevier, 1988.
Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research [link]Paper  doi  abstract   bibtex   
The results of a multi-year research program to identify the factors associated with variations in subjective workload within and between different types of tasks are reviewed. Subjective evaluations of 10 workload-related factors were obtained from 16 different experiments. The experimental tasks included simple cognitive and manual control tasks, complex laboratory and supervisory control tasks, and aircraft simulation. Task-, behavior-, and subject-related correlates of subjective workload experiences varied as a function of difficulty manipulations within experiments, different sources of workload between experiments, and individual differences in workload definition. A multi-dimensional rating scale is proposed in which information about the magnitude and sources of six workload-related factors are combined to derive a sensitive and reliable estimate of workload.
@incollection{hart_development_1988,
	title = {Development of {NASA}-{TLX} ({Task} {Load} {Index}): {Results} of {Empirical} and {Theoretical} {Research}},
	volume = {52},
	isbn = {978-0-444-70388-0},
	shorttitle = {Development of {NASA}-{TLX} ({Task} {Load} {Index})},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166411508623869},
	abstract = {The results of a multi-year research program to identify the factors associated with variations in subjective workload within and between different types of tasks are reviewed. Subjective evaluations of 10 workload-related factors were obtained from 16 different experiments. The experimental tasks included simple cognitive and manual control tasks, complex laboratory and supervisory control tasks, and aircraft simulation. Task-, behavior-, and subject-related correlates of subjective workload experiences varied as a function of difficulty manipulations within experiments, different sources of workload between experiments, and individual differences in workload definition. A multi-dimensional rating scale is proposed in which information about the magnitude and sources of six workload-related factors are combined to derive a sensitive and reliable estimate of workload.},
	language = {en},
	urldate = {2022-06-08},
	booktitle = {Advances in {Psychology}},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	author = {Hart, Sandra G. and Staveland, Lowell E.},
	year = {1988},
	doi = {10.1016/S0166-4115(08)62386-9},
	pages = {139--183},
}

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