Sonic hedgehog expression in corticofugal projection neurons directs cortical microcircuit formation

Sonic hedgehog expression in corticofugal projection neurons directs cortical microcircuit formation. Harwell, C. C, Parker, P. R L, Gee, S. M, Okada, A., McConnell, S. K, Kreitzer, A. C, & Kriegstein, A. R Neuron, 73(6):1116–1126, March, 2012.
abstract bibtex

The precise connectivity of inputs and outputs is critical for cerebral cortex function; however, the cellular mechanisms that establish these connections are poorly understood. Here, we show that the secreted molecule Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is involved in synapse formation of a specific cortical circuit. Shh is expressed in layer V corticofugal projection neurons and the Shh receptor, Brother of CDO (Boc), is expressed in local and callosal projection neurons of layer II/III that synapse onto the subcortical projection neurons. Layer V neurons of mice lacking functional Shh exhibit decreased synapses. Conversely, the loss of functional Boc leads to a reduction in the strength of synaptic connections onto layer Vb, but not layer II/III, pyramidal neurons. These results demonstrate that Shh is expressed in postsynaptic target cells while Boc is expressed in a complementary population of presynaptic input neurons, and they function to guide the formation of cortical microcircuitry.

@ARTICLE{Harwell2012-dq,
  title    = "Sonic hedgehog expression in corticofugal projection neurons
              directs cortical microcircuit formation",
  author   = "Harwell, Corey C and Parker, Philip R L and Gee, Steven M and
              Okada, Ami and McConnell, Susan K and Kreitzer, Anatol C and
              Kriegstein, Arnold R",
  abstract = "The precise connectivity of inputs and outputs is critical for
              cerebral cortex function; however, the cellular mechanisms that
              establish these connections are poorly understood. Here, we show
              that the secreted molecule Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is involved in
              synapse formation of a specific cortical circuit. Shh is
              expressed in layer V corticofugal projection neurons and the Shh
              receptor, Brother of CDO (Boc), is expressed in local and
              callosal projection neurons of layer II/III that synapse onto the
              subcortical projection neurons. Layer V neurons of mice lacking
              functional Shh exhibit decreased synapses. Conversely, the loss
              of functional Boc leads to a reduction in the strength of
              synaptic connections onto layer Vb, but not layer II/III,
              pyramidal neurons. These results demonstrate that Shh is
              expressed in postsynaptic target cells while Boc is expressed in
              a complementary population of presynaptic input neurons, and they
              function to guide the formation of cortical microcircuitry.",
  journal  = "Neuron",
  volume   =  73,
  number   =  6,
  pages    = "1116--1126",
  month    =  mar,
  year     =  2012,
  language = "en"
}

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