Segmentation of the speech stream in a non-human primate: Statistical learning in cotton-top tamarins. Hauser, M. D, Newport, E. L, & Aslin, R. N Cognition, 78(3):B53-64, 2001.
doi  abstract   bibtex   
Previous work has shown that human adults, children, and infants can rapidly compute sequential statistics from a stream of speech and then use these statistics to determine which syllable sequences form potential words. In the present paper we ask whether this ability reflects a mechanism unique to humans, or might be used by other species as well, to acquire serially organized patterns. In a series of four experimental conditions, we exposed a New World monkey, the cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), to the same speech streams used by Saffran, Aslin, and Newport (Science 274 (1996) 1926) with human infants, and then tested their learning using similar methods to those used with infants. Like humans, tamarins showed clear evidence of discriminating between sequences of syllables that differed only in the frequency or probability with which they occurred in the input streams. These results suggest that both humans and non-human primates possess mechanisms capable of computing these particular aspects of serial order. Future work must now show where humans' (adults and infants) and non-human primates' abilities in these tasks diverge.
@Article{Hauser2001,
  author   = {Hauser, Marc D and Newport, Elissa L and Aslin, Richard N},
  journal  = {Cognition},
  title    = {Segmentation of the speech stream in a non-human primate: {S}tatistical learning in cotton-top tamarins.},
  year     = {2001},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {B53-64},
  volume   = {78},
  abstract = {Previous work has shown that human adults, children, and infants can
	rapidly compute sequential statistics from a stream of speech and
	then use these statistics to determine which syllable sequences form
	potential words. In the present paper we ask whether this ability
	reflects a mechanism unique to humans, or might be used by other
	species as well, to acquire serially organized patterns. In a series
	of four experimental conditions, we exposed a New World monkey, the
	cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus), to the same speech streams
	used by Saffran, Aslin, and Newport (Science 274 (1996) 1926) with
	human infants, and then tested their learning using similar methods
	to those used with infants. Like humans, tamarins showed clear evidence
	of discriminating between sequences of syllables that differed only
	in the frequency or probability with which they occurred in the input
	streams. These results suggest that both humans and non-human primates
	possess mechanisms capable of computing these particular aspects
	of serial order. Future work must now show where humans' (adults
	and infants) and non-human primates' abilities in these tasks diverge.},
  doi      = {10.1016/s0010-0277(00)00132-3},
  keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, 11124355},
}
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