Sensitivity of neurons in cat primary auditory cortex to tones and frequency-modulated stimuli. I: Effects of variation of stimulus parameters. Heil, P, Rajan, R, & Irvine, D. Hear Res, 63(1-2):108-34, 1992. abstract bibtex In the primary auditory cortex (AI) of barbiturate-anesthetized cats multi-unit responses to tones and to frequency-modulated (FM) tonal stimuli were analyzed. Characteristic frequency (CF), sharpness of tuning, minimum threshold, and dynamic range of spike count–intensity functions were determined. Minimum threshold and dynamic range were positively correlated. The response functions to unidirectional FM sweeps of varying linear rate of change of frequency (RCF) that traversed the excitatory frequency response areas (FRAs) displayed a variety of shapes. Preferences for fast RCFs (> 1000 kHz/s) were most common. Best RCF was not correlated with measures of sharpness of tuning. Directional preference and sensitivity were quantified by a DS index which varied with RCF. About two-thirds of the multi-unit responses showed a preference for downward sweeps. Directional sensitivity was independent of CF and independent of best RCF. Measurements of latencies of phasic responses to unidirectional FM sweeps of different RCF demonstrated that the discharges of a given multi-unit over its effective RCF range were initiated at the same instantaneous frequency (effective Fi), independent of RCF. Effective Fis fell within the excitatory FRA of a given multi-unit. The relationships of effective Fis to CF show that responses were evoked only when the frequency of the signal was modulated towards CF and not when modulated away from it, and that responses were initiated before the modulation reached CF. Changes in the range and depth of modulation had only minor, if any, effects on RCF response characteristics, FM directional sensitivity, and effective Fis, as long as the beginning and ending frequencies of FM sweeps fell outside a multi-unit's FRA. Stimulus intensity also had only moderate effects on RCF response characteristics and DS. However, effective Fis were influenced in systematic fashions; with increases in intensity, effective Fis to upward and downward sweeps decreased and increased, respectively. Thus, for higher intensities FM responses were initiated at instantaneous frequencies occurring earlier in the signal. The results are compared with previous data on tone and FM sensitivity of auditory neurons in cortical and subcortical structures, and mechanisms of FM rate and directional sensitivity are discussed. The topographic representations of these neuronal properties in AI are reported in the companion report.
@Article{Heil1992,
author = {P Heil and R Rajan and DR Irvine},
journal = {Hear Res},
title = {Sensitivity of neurons in cat primary auditory cortex to tones and frequency-modulated stimuli. {I}: {E}ffects of variation of stimulus parameters.},
year = {1992},
number = {1-2},
pages = {108-34},
volume = {63},
abstract = {In the primary auditory cortex (AI) of barbiturate-anesthetized cats
multi-unit responses to tones and to frequency-modulated (FM) tonal
stimuli were analyzed. Characteristic frequency (CF), sharpness of
tuning, minimum threshold, and dynamic range of spike count--intensity
functions were determined. Minimum threshold and dynamic range were
positively correlated. The response functions to unidirectional FM
sweeps of varying linear rate of change of frequency (RCF) that traversed
the excitatory frequency response areas (FRAs) displayed a variety
of shapes. Preferences for fast RCFs (> 1000 kHz/s) were most common.
Best RCF was not correlated with measures of sharpness of tuning.
Directional preference and sensitivity were quantified by a DS index
which varied with RCF. About two-thirds of the multi-unit responses
showed a preference for downward sweeps. Directional sensitivity
was independent of CF and independent of best RCF. Measurements of
latencies of phasic responses to unidirectional FM sweeps of different
RCF demonstrated that the discharges of a given multi-unit over its
effective RCF range were initiated at the same instantaneous frequency
(effective Fi), independent of RCF. Effective Fis fell within the
excitatory FRA of a given multi-unit. The relationships of effective
Fis to CF show that responses were evoked only when the frequency
of the signal was modulated towards CF and not when modulated away
from it, and that responses were initiated before the modulation
reached CF. Changes in the range and depth of modulation had only
minor, if any, effects on RCF response characteristics, FM directional
sensitivity, and effective Fis, as long as the beginning and ending
frequencies of FM sweeps fell outside a multi-unit's FRA. Stimulus
intensity also had only moderate effects on RCF response characteristics
and DS. However, effective Fis were influenced in systematic fashions;
with increases in intensity, effective Fis to upward and downward
sweeps decreased and increased, respectively. Thus, for higher intensities
FM responses were initiated at instantaneous frequencies occurring
earlier in the signal. The results are compared with previous data
on tone and FM sensitivity of auditory neurons in cortical and subcortical
structures, and mechanisms of FM rate and directional sensitivity
are discussed. The topographic representations of these neuronal
properties in AI are reported in the companion report.},
keywords = {Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, 1464565},
}
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{"_id":"WKAqtdhC2JMEkcEvp","bibbaseid":"heil-rajan-irvine-sensitivityofneuronsincatprimaryauditorycortextotonesandfrequencymodulatedstimuliieffectsofvariationofstimulusparameters-1992","author_short":["Heil, P","Rajan, R","Irvine, D."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"firstnames":["P"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Heil"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["R"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Rajan"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["DR"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Irvine"],"suffixes":[]}],"journal":"Hear Res","title":"Sensitivity of neurons in cat primary auditory cortex to tones and frequency-modulated stimuli. I: Effects of variation of stimulus parameters.","year":"1992","number":"1-2","pages":"108-34","volume":"63","abstract":"In the primary auditory cortex (AI) of barbiturate-anesthetized cats multi-unit responses to tones and to frequency-modulated (FM) tonal stimuli were analyzed. Characteristic frequency (CF), sharpness of tuning, minimum threshold, and dynamic range of spike count–intensity functions were determined. Minimum threshold and dynamic range were positively correlated. The response functions to unidirectional FM sweeps of varying linear rate of change of frequency (RCF) that traversed the excitatory frequency response areas (FRAs) displayed a variety of shapes. Preferences for fast RCFs (> 1000 kHz/s) were most common. Best RCF was not correlated with measures of sharpness of tuning. Directional preference and sensitivity were quantified by a DS index which varied with RCF. About two-thirds of the multi-unit responses showed a preference for downward sweeps. Directional sensitivity was independent of CF and independent of best RCF. Measurements of latencies of phasic responses to unidirectional FM sweeps of different RCF demonstrated that the discharges of a given multi-unit over its effective RCF range were initiated at the same instantaneous frequency (effective Fi), independent of RCF. Effective Fis fell within the excitatory FRA of a given multi-unit. The relationships of effective Fis to CF show that responses were evoked only when the frequency of the signal was modulated towards CF and not when modulated away from it, and that responses were initiated before the modulation reached CF. Changes in the range and depth of modulation had only minor, if any, effects on RCF response characteristics, FM directional sensitivity, and effective Fis, as long as the beginning and ending frequencies of FM sweeps fell outside a multi-unit's FRA. Stimulus intensity also had only moderate effects on RCF response characteristics and DS. However, effective Fis were influenced in systematic fashions; with increases in intensity, effective Fis to upward and downward sweeps decreased and increased, respectively. Thus, for higher intensities FM responses were initiated at instantaneous frequencies occurring earlier in the signal. The results are compared with previous data on tone and FM sensitivity of auditory neurons in cortical and subcortical structures, and mechanisms of FM rate and directional sensitivity are discussed. The topographic representations of these neuronal properties in AI are reported in the companion report.","keywords":"Computing Methodologies, Human, Language, Learning, Mental Processes, Models, Theoretical, Stochastic Processes, Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S., Cognition, Linguistics, Neural Networks (Computer), Practice (Psychology), Non-U.S. Gov't, Memory, Psychological, Task Performance and Analysis, Time Factors, Visual Perception, Adult, Attention, Discrimination Learning, Female, Male, Short-Term, Mental Recall, Orientation, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Perceptual Masking, Reading, Concept Formation, Form Perception, Animals, Corpus Striatum, Shrews, P.H.S., Visual Cortex, Visual Pathways, Acoustic Stimulation, Auditory Cortex, Auditory Perception, Cochlea, Ear, Gerbillinae, Glycine, Hearing, Neurons, Space Perception, Strychnine, Adolescent, Decision Making, Reaction Time, Astrocytoma, Brain Mapping, Brain Neoplasms, Cerebral Cortex, Electric Stimulation, Electrophysiology, Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe, Evoked Potentials, Frontal Lobe, Noise, Parietal Lobe, Scalp, Child, Language Development, Psycholinguistics, Brain, Perception, Speech, Vocalization, Animal, Discrimination (Psychology), Hippocampus, Rats, Calcium, Chelating Agents, Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials, Glutamic Acid, Guanosine Diphosphate, In Vitro, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Cells, Receptors, AMPA, Metabotropic Glutamate, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Somatosensory Cortex, Synapses, Synaptic Transmission, Thionucleotides, Action Potentials, Calcium Channels, L-Type, Electric Conductivity, Entorhinal Cortex, Neurological, Long-Evans, Infant, Mathematics, Statistics, Probability Learning, Problem Solving, Psychophysics, Association Learning, Child Psychology, Habituation (Psychophysiology), Probability Theory, Analysis of Variance, Semantics, Symbolism, Behavior, Eye Movements, Macaca mulatta, Prefrontal Cortex, Cats, Dogs, Haplorhini, Photic Stimulation, Electroencephalography, Nervous System Physiology, Darkness, Grasshoppers, Light, Membrane Potentials, Neural Inhibition, Afferent, Picrotoxin, Vision, Deoxyglucose, Injections, Microspheres, Neural Pathways, Rhodamines, Choice Behavior, Speech Perception, Verbal Learning, Dominance, Cerebral, Fixation, Ocular, Language Tests, Random Allocation, Comparative Study, Saguinus, Sound Spectrography, Species Specificity, Audiometry, Auditory Threshold, Calibration, Data Interpretation, Statistical, 1464565","bibtex":"@Article{Heil1992,\n author = {P Heil and R Rajan and DR Irvine},\n journal = {Hear Res},\n title = {Sensitivity of neurons in cat primary auditory cortex to tones and frequency-modulated stimuli. {I}: {E}ffects of variation of stimulus parameters.},\n year = {1992},\n number = {1-2},\n pages = {108-34},\n volume = {63},\n abstract = {In the primary auditory cortex (AI) of barbiturate-anesthetized cats\n\tmulti-unit responses to tones and to frequency-modulated (FM) tonal\n\tstimuli were analyzed. Characteristic frequency (CF), sharpness of\n\ttuning, minimum threshold, and dynamic range of spike count--intensity\n\tfunctions were determined. Minimum threshold and dynamic range were\n\tpositively correlated. The response functions to unidirectional FM\n\tsweeps of varying linear rate of change of frequency (RCF) that traversed\n\tthe excitatory frequency response areas (FRAs) displayed a variety\n\tof shapes. Preferences for fast RCFs (> 1000 kHz/s) were most common.\n\tBest RCF was not correlated with measures of sharpness of tuning.\n\tDirectional preference and sensitivity were quantified by a DS index\n\twhich varied with RCF. About two-thirds of the multi-unit responses\n\tshowed a preference for downward sweeps. Directional sensitivity\n\twas independent of CF and independent of best RCF. Measurements of\n\tlatencies of phasic responses to unidirectional FM sweeps of different\n\tRCF demonstrated that the discharges of a given multi-unit over its\n\teffective RCF range were initiated at the same instantaneous frequency\n\t(effective Fi), independent of RCF. Effective Fis fell within the\n\texcitatory FRA of a given multi-unit. The relationships of effective\n\tFis to CF show that responses were evoked only when the frequency\n\tof the signal was modulated towards CF and not when modulated away\n\tfrom it, and that responses were initiated before the modulation\n\treached CF. Changes in the range and depth of modulation had only\n\tminor, if any, effects on RCF response characteristics, FM directional\n\tsensitivity, and effective Fis, as long as the beginning and ending\n\tfrequencies of FM sweeps fell outside a multi-unit's FRA. Stimulus\n\tintensity also had only moderate effects on RCF response characteristics\n\tand DS. However, effective Fis were influenced in systematic fashions;\n\twith increases in intensity, effective Fis to upward and downward\n\tsweeps decreased and increased, respectively. Thus, for higher intensities\n\tFM responses were initiated at instantaneous frequencies occurring\n\tearlier in the signal. The results are compared with previous data\n\ton tone and FM sensitivity of auditory neurons in cortical and subcortical\n\tstructures, and mechanisms of FM rate and directional sensitivity\n\tare discussed. 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I: Effects of variation of stimulus parameters.","year":1992}