@Article{Hermer1996,
  author   = {L. Hermer and E. Spelke},
  journal  = {Cognition},
  title    = {Modularity and development: the case of spatial reorientation.},
  year     = {1996},
  number   = {3},
  pages    = {195-232},
  volume   = {61},
  abstract = {In a series of experiments, young children who were disoriented in
	a novel environment reoriented themselves in accord with the large-scale
	shape of the environment but not in accord with nongeometric properties
	of the environment such as the color of a wall, the patterning on
	a box, or the categorical identity of an object. Because children's
	failure to reorient by nongeometric information cannot be attributed
	to limits on their ability to detect, remember, or use that information
	for other purposes, this failure suggests that children's reorientation,
	at least in relatively novel environments, depends on a mechanism
	that is informationally encapsulated and task-specific: two hallmarks
	of modular cognitive processes. Parallel studies with rats suggest
	that children share this mechanism with at least some adult nonhuman
	mammals. In contrast, our own studies of human adults, who readily
	solved our tasks by conjoining nongeometric and geometric information,
	indicated that the most striking limitations of this mechanism are
	overcome during human development. These findings support broader
	proposals concerning the domain specificity of humans' core cognitive
	abilities, the conservation of cognitive abilities across related
	species and over the course of human development, and the developmental
	processes by which core abilities are extended to permit more flexible,
	uniquely human kinds of problem solving.},
  keywords = {Adult, Animals, Attention, Child, Child Development, Color Perception, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mental Recall, Orientation, Preschool, Problem Solving, Rats, Social Environment, Species Specificity, 8990972},
}

{"_id":"5pktzzZndtSgFuXC4","bibbaseid":"hermer-spelke-modularityanddevelopmentthecaseofspatialreorientation-1996","author_short":["Hermer, L.","Spelke, E."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","author":[{"firstnames":["L."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hermer"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["E."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Spelke"],"suffixes":[]}],"journal":"Cognition","title":"Modularity and development: the case of spatial reorientation.","year":"1996","number":"3","pages":"195-232","volume":"61","abstract":"In a series of experiments, young children who were disoriented in a novel environment reoriented themselves in accord with the large-scale shape of the environment but not in accord with nongeometric properties of the environment such as the color of a wall, the patterning on a box, or the categorical identity of an object. Because children's failure to reorient by nongeometric information cannot be attributed to limits on their ability to detect, remember, or use that information for other purposes, this failure suggests that children's reorientation, at least in relatively novel environments, depends on a mechanism that is informationally encapsulated and task-specific: two hallmarks of modular cognitive processes. Parallel studies with rats suggest that children share this mechanism with at least some adult nonhuman mammals. In contrast, our own studies of human adults, who readily solved our tasks by conjoining nongeometric and geometric information, indicated that the most striking limitations of this mechanism are overcome during human development. These findings support broader proposals concerning the domain specificity of humans' core cognitive abilities, the conservation of cognitive abilities across related species and over the course of human development, and the developmental processes by which core abilities are extended to permit more flexible, uniquely human kinds of problem solving.","keywords":"Adult, Animals, Attention, Child, Child Development, Color Perception, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mental Recall, Orientation, Preschool, Problem Solving, Rats, Social Environment, Species Specificity, 8990972","bibtex":"@Article{Hermer1996,\n author = {L. Hermer and E. Spelke},\n journal = {Cognition},\n title = {Modularity and development: the case of spatial reorientation.},\n year = {1996},\n number = {3},\n pages = {195-232},\n volume = {61},\n abstract = {In a series of experiments, young children who were disoriented in\n\ta novel environment reoriented themselves in accord with the large-scale\n\tshape of the environment but not in accord with nongeometric properties\n\tof the environment such as the color of a wall, the patterning on\n\ta box, or the categorical identity of an object. Because children's\n\tfailure to reorient by nongeometric information cannot be attributed\n\tto limits on their ability to detect, remember, or use that information\n\tfor other purposes, this failure suggests that children's reorientation,\n\tat least in relatively novel environments, depends on a mechanism\n\tthat is informationally encapsulated and task-specific: two hallmarks\n\tof modular cognitive processes. Parallel studies with rats suggest\n\tthat children share this mechanism with at least some adult nonhuman\n\tmammals. In contrast, our own studies of human adults, who readily\n\tsolved our tasks by conjoining nongeometric and geometric information,\n\tindicated that the most striking limitations of this mechanism are\n\tovercome during human development. These findings support broader\n\tproposals concerning the domain specificity of humans' core cognitive\n\tabilities, the conservation of cognitive abilities across related\n\tspecies and over the course of human development, and the developmental\n\tprocesses by which core abilities are extended to permit more flexible,\n\tuniquely human kinds of problem solving.},\n keywords = {Adult, Animals, Attention, Child, Child Development, Color Perception, Female, Humans, Infant, Male, Mental Recall, Orientation, Preschool, Problem Solving, Rats, Social Environment, Species Specificity, 8990972},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Hermer, L.","Spelke, E."],"key":"Hermer1996","id":"Hermer1996","bibbaseid":"hermer-spelke-modularityanddevelopmentthecaseofspatialreorientation-1996","role":"author","urls":{},"keyword":["Adult","Animals","Attention","Child","Child Development","Color Perception","Female","Humans","Infant","Male","Mental Recall","Orientation","Preschool","Problem Solving","Rats","Social Environment","Species Specificity","8990972"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://endress.org/publications/ansgar.bib","dataSources":["xPGxHAeh3vZpx4yyE","TXa55dQbNoWnaGmMq"],"keywords":["adult","animals","attention","child","child development","color perception","female","humans","infant","male","mental recall","orientation","preschool","problem solving","rats","social environment","species specificity","8990972"],"search_terms":["modularity","development","case","spatial","reorientation","hermer","spelke"],"title":"Modularity and development: the case of spatial reorientation.","year":1996}