@article{houkamau_multi-dimensional_2010,
	title = {The {Multi}-dimensional {Model} of {Maori} {Identity} and {Cultural} {Engagement}},
	volume = {39},
	issn = {0112-109X},
	abstract = {A Multi-dimensional Model of Maori Identity and Cultural Engagement (MMMICE) is proposed. The MMM-ICE is a hierarchically organised self-report (Likert-type) instrument designed to assess six distinct dimensions of identity and cultural engagement in Maori populations. Scale content was developed based on a detailed review of qualitative and quantitative literature on Maori identity and related constructs, and was extensively pilot tested with Maori from various backgrounds. The six dimensions assessed by the MMM-ICE are: (1) Group Membership Evaluation, (2) Socio-Political Consciousness, (3) Cultural Efficacy and Active Identity Engagement, (4) Spirituality, (5) Interdependent Self-Concept, and (6) Authenticity Beliefs. These dimensions are subsumed under more general or abstracted factors representing (at the third-tier level of analysis): (1) Self-Identification and Cultural Engagement in Socio-Political Context, (2) Enculturated Experiences of Maori Identity Traditions, and (3) Constitutive Representations of "Being" Maori. Exploratory Factor Analysis of 270 people who self-identified as Maori and/or had ancestors who were Maori provided good support for the proposed factorial structure. We argue that the MMM-ICE provides a culturally sensitive, valid and reliable self-report measure of subjective identification as Maori. A full version of the MMM-ICE is included.},
	language = {English},
	number = {1},
	journal = {New Zealand Journal of Psychology},
	author = {Houkamau, Carla A. and Sibley, Chris G.},
	year = {2010},
	keywords = {8NEWZ, Cultural identity–Models, Identification equipment–Evaluation, Maoris–Demographic aspects, Maoris–Social aspects, New Zealand},
	pages = {8},
}

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The six dimensions assessed by the MMM-ICE are: (1) Group Membership Evaluation, (2) Socio-Political Consciousness, (3) Cultural Efficacy and Active Identity Engagement, (4) Spirituality, (5) Interdependent Self-Concept, and (6) Authenticity Beliefs. These dimensions are subsumed under more general or abstracted factors representing (at the third-tier level of analysis): (1) Self-Identification and Cultural Engagement in Socio-Political Context, (2) Enculturated Experiences of Maori Identity Traditions, and (3) Constitutive Representations of \"Being\" Maori. Exploratory Factor Analysis of 270 people who self-identified as Maori and/or had ancestors who were Maori provided good support for the proposed factorial structure. We argue that the MMM-ICE provides a culturally sensitive, valid and reliable self-report measure of subjective identification as Maori. 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