Port of Tauranga: Baseline survey for non-indenous marine species. Inglis, G. J., Gust, N., Fitridge, I., Floerl, O., Hayden, B. J., & Fenwick, G. D. Technical Report NIWA, Christchurch, March, 2006. ![Port of Tauranga: Baseline survey for non-indenous marine species [pdf]](https://bibbase.org/img/filetypes/pdf.svg "pdf")
Paper abstract bibtex Executive Summary This report describes the results of a March 2002 survey to provide a baseline inventory of native, non-indigenous and cryptogenic marine species within the Port of Tauranga. • The survey is part of a nationwide investigation of native and non-native marine biodiversity in 13 international shipping ports and three marinas of first entry for yachts entering New Zealand from overseas. • Sampling methods used in these surveys were based on protocols developed by the Australian Centre for Research on Introduced Marine Pests (CRIMP) for baseline surveys of non-indigenous species in ports. Modifications were made to the CRIMP protocols for use in New Zealand port conditions. • A wide range of sampling techniques was used to collect marine organisms from a range of habitats within the Port of Tauranga. Fouling assemblages were scraped from hard substrata by divers, benthic assemblages were sampled using a sled and benthic grabs, and a gravity corer was used to sample for dinoflagellate cysts. Mobile predators and scavengers were sampled using baited fish, crab, starfish and shrimp traps. • The distribution of sampling effort in the Port of Tauranga was designed to maximise the chances of detecting non-indigenous species and concentrated on high-risk locations and habitats where non-indigenous species were most likely to be found. • Organisms collected during the survey were sent to local and international taxonomic experts for identification. • A total of 316 species or higher taxa were identified from the Tauranga Port survey. They consisted of 202 native species, 12 non-indigenous species, 40 cryptogenic species (those whose geographic origins are uncertain) and 62 species indeterminata (taxa for which there is insufficient taxonomic or systematic information available to allow identification to species level). • Twenty two species collected from the Port of Tauranga have not previously been described from New Zealand waters. Seventeen of these were species of sponge that are thought to be new to science. The other first records for New Zealand were a cryptogenic ascidian (Microcosmus squamiger) and amphipod (Meridiolembos sp. aff. acherontis), and three non-indigenous species; the hydroids Clytia ?linearis and Eudendrium capillare, and the ascidian, Cnemidocarpa sp.. • The 12 non-indigenous organisms described from the Port of Tauranga included representatives of seven phyla. The non-indigenous species detected (ordered alphabetically by phylum, class, order, family, genus and species) were: (Annelida) Dipolydora flava and Polydora hoplura, (Bryozoa) Bugula flabellata, Bugula neritina, and Watersipora subtorquata, (Cnidaria) Clytia ?linearis and Eudendrium capillare, (Crustacea) Apocorophium acutum and Monocorophium acherusicum, (Phycophyta) Codium fragile tomentasoides, (Porifera) Cliona celata, (Urochordata) Cnemidocarpa sp. • There were no species from the Port of Tauaranga on the New Zealand register of unwanted marine organisms. • Most non-indigenous species located in the Port are likely to have been introduced to New Zealand accidentally by international shipping or through domestic translocation or spread from other locations in New Zealand. • Approximately 75 % (nine of 12 species) of NIS in the Port of Tauaranga are likely to have been introduced in hull fouling assemblages and 25 % could have been introduced by either ballast water or hull fouling vectors. • The predominance of hull fouling species in the introduced biota of the Port of Tauranga (as opposed to ballast water introductions) is consistent with findings from similar port baseline studies overseas.
@techreport{inglis_port_2006-2,
address = {Christchurch},
type = {{NIWA} {Client} {Report}},
title = {Port of {Tauranga}: {Baseline} survey for non-indenous marine species},
url = {https://niwa.co.nz/static/marine-biosecurity/Inglis%20et%20al%202005_05%20PortOfTauranga.pdf},
abstract = {\textit{Executive Summary}
This report describes the results of a March 2002 survey to provide a baseline inventory of native, non-indigenous and cryptogenic marine species within the Port of Tauranga.
• The survey is part of a nationwide investigation of native and non-native marine biodiversity in 13 international shipping ports and three marinas of first entry for yachts entering New Zealand from overseas.
• Sampling methods used in these surveys were based on protocols developed by the Australian Centre for Research on Introduced Marine Pests (CRIMP) for baseline surveys of non-indigenous species in ports. Modifications were made to the CRIMP protocols for use in New Zealand port conditions.
• A wide range of sampling techniques was used to collect marine organisms from a range of habitats within the Port of Tauranga. Fouling assemblages were scraped from hard substrata by divers, benthic assemblages were sampled using a sled and benthic grabs, and a gravity corer was used to sample for dinoflagellate cysts. Mobile predators and scavengers were sampled using baited fish, crab, starfish and shrimp traps.
• The distribution of sampling effort in the Port of Tauranga was designed to maximise the chances of detecting non-indigenous species and concentrated on high-risk locations and habitats where non-indigenous species were most likely to be found.
• Organisms collected during the survey were sent to local and international taxonomic experts for identification.
• A total of 316 species or higher taxa were identified from the Tauranga Port survey. They consisted of 202 native species, 12 non-indigenous species, 40 cryptogenic species (those whose geographic origins are uncertain) and 62 species indeterminata (taxa for which there is insufficient taxonomic or systematic information available to allow identification to species level).
• Twenty two species collected from the Port of Tauranga have not previously been described from New Zealand waters. Seventeen of these were species of sponge that are thought to be new to science. The other first records for New Zealand were a cryptogenic ascidian (Microcosmus squamiger) and amphipod (Meridiolembos sp. aff. acherontis), and three non-indigenous species; the hydroids Clytia ?linearis and Eudendrium capillare, and the ascidian, Cnemidocarpa sp..
• The 12 non-indigenous organisms described from the Port of Tauranga included representatives of seven phyla. The non-indigenous species detected (ordered alphabetically by phylum, class, order, family, genus and species) were: (Annelida) Dipolydora flava and Polydora hoplura, (Bryozoa) Bugula flabellata, Bugula neritina, and Watersipora subtorquata, (Cnidaria) Clytia ?linearis and Eudendrium capillare, (Crustacea) Apocorophium acutum and Monocorophium acherusicum, (Phycophyta) Codium fragile tomentasoides, (Porifera) Cliona celata, (Urochordata) Cnemidocarpa sp.
• There were no species from the Port of Tauaranga on the New Zealand register of unwanted marine organisms.
• Most non-indigenous species located in the Port are likely to have been introduced to New Zealand accidentally by international shipping or through domestic translocation or spread from other locations in New Zealand.
• Approximately 75 \% (nine of 12 species) of NIS in the Port of Tauaranga are likely to have been introduced in hull fouling assemblages and 25 \% could have been introduced by either ballast water or hull fouling vectors.
• The predominance of hull fouling species in the introduced biota of the Port of Tauranga (as opposed to ballast water introductions) is consistent with findings from similar port baseline studies overseas.},
institution = {NIWA},
author = {Inglis, G. J. and Gust, N. and Fitridge, I. and Floerl, O. and Hayden, B. J. and Fenwick, G. D.},
month = mar,
year = {2006},
keywords = {Biosecurity, Cryptogenic, Introduced taxa, MAF, Marine species, NIS, New Zealand, Non-indigenous marine species, Port surveys, Tauranga, biological invasions},
pages = {74 pp.},
}
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D."],"bibdata":{"bibtype":"techreport","type":"NIWA Client Report","address":"Christchurch","title":"Port of Tauranga: Baseline survey for non-indenous marine species","url":"https://niwa.co.nz/static/marine-biosecurity/Inglis%20et%20al%202005_05%20PortOfTauranga.pdf","abstract":"<i>Executive Summary</i> This report describes the results of a March 2002 survey to provide a baseline inventory of native, non-indigenous and cryptogenic marine species within the Port of Tauranga. • The survey is part of a nationwide investigation of native and non-native marine biodiversity in 13 international shipping ports and three marinas of first entry for yachts entering New Zealand from overseas. • Sampling methods used in these surveys were based on protocols developed by the Australian Centre for Research on Introduced Marine Pests (CRIMP) for baseline surveys of non-indigenous species in ports. Modifications were made to the CRIMP protocols for use in New Zealand port conditions. • A wide range of sampling techniques was used to collect marine organisms from a range of habitats within the Port of Tauranga. Fouling assemblages were scraped from hard substrata by divers, benthic assemblages were sampled using a sled and benthic grabs, and a gravity corer was used to sample for dinoflagellate cysts. Mobile predators and scavengers were sampled using baited fish, crab, starfish and shrimp traps. • The distribution of sampling effort in the Port of Tauranga was designed to maximise the chances of detecting non-indigenous species and concentrated on high-risk locations and habitats where non-indigenous species were most likely to be found. • Organisms collected during the survey were sent to local and international taxonomic experts for identification. • A total of 316 species or higher taxa were identified from the Tauranga Port survey. They consisted of 202 native species, 12 non-indigenous species, 40 cryptogenic species (those whose geographic origins are uncertain) and 62 species indeterminata (taxa for which there is insufficient taxonomic or systematic information available to allow identification to species level). • Twenty two species collected from the Port of Tauranga have not previously been described from New Zealand waters. Seventeen of these were species of sponge that are thought to be new to science. The other first records for New Zealand were a cryptogenic ascidian (Microcosmus squamiger) and amphipod (Meridiolembos sp. aff. acherontis), and three non-indigenous species; the hydroids Clytia ?linearis and Eudendrium capillare, and the ascidian, Cnemidocarpa sp.. • The 12 non-indigenous organisms described from the Port of Tauranga included representatives of seven phyla. The non-indigenous species detected (ordered alphabetically by phylum, class, order, family, genus and species) were: (Annelida) Dipolydora flava and Polydora hoplura, (Bryozoa) Bugula flabellata, Bugula neritina, and Watersipora subtorquata, (Cnidaria) Clytia ?linearis and Eudendrium capillare, (Crustacea) Apocorophium acutum and Monocorophium acherusicum, (Phycophyta) Codium fragile tomentasoides, (Porifera) Cliona celata, (Urochordata) Cnemidocarpa sp. • There were no species from the Port of Tauaranga on the New Zealand register of unwanted marine organisms. • Most non-indigenous species located in the Port are likely to have been introduced to New Zealand accidentally by international shipping or through domestic translocation or spread from other locations in New Zealand. • Approximately 75 % (nine of 12 species) of NIS in the Port of Tauaranga are likely to have been introduced in hull fouling assemblages and 25 % could have been introduced by either ballast water or hull fouling vectors. • The predominance of hull fouling species in the introduced biota of the Port of Tauranga (as opposed to ballast water introductions) is consistent with findings from similar port baseline studies overseas.","institution":"NIWA","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Inglis"],"firstnames":["G.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Gust"],"firstnames":["N."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Fitridge"],"firstnames":["I."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Floerl"],"firstnames":["O."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hayden"],"firstnames":["B.","J."],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Fenwick"],"firstnames":["G.","D."],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"March","year":"2006","keywords":"Biosecurity, Cryptogenic, Introduced taxa, MAF, Marine species, NIS, New Zealand, Non-indigenous marine species, Port surveys, Tauranga, biological invasions","pages":"74 pp.","bibtex":"@techreport{inglis_port_2006-2,\n\taddress = {Christchurch},\n\ttype = {{NIWA} {Client} {Report}},\n\ttitle = {Port of {Tauranga}: {Baseline} survey for non-indenous marine species},\n\turl = {https://niwa.co.nz/static/marine-biosecurity/Inglis%20et%20al%202005_05%20PortOfTauranga.pdf},\n\tabstract = {\\textit{Executive Summary}\nThis report describes the results of a March 2002 survey to provide a baseline inventory of native, non-indigenous and cryptogenic marine species within the Port of Tauranga.\n•\tThe survey is part of a nationwide investigation of native and non-native marine biodiversity in 13 international shipping ports and three marinas of first entry for yachts entering New Zealand from overseas.\n•\tSampling methods used in these surveys were based on protocols developed by the Australian Centre for Research on Introduced Marine Pests (CRIMP) for baseline surveys of non-indigenous species in ports. 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