@article{ishii_frontal_2014,
	title = {Frontal midline theta rhythm and gamma power changes during focused attention on mental calculation: an {MEG} beamformer analysis.},
	volume = {8},
	issn = {1662-5161},
	url = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00406/abstract},
	doi = {10.3389/fnhum.2014.00406},
	abstract = {Frontal midline theta rhythm (Fmθ) appears widely distributed over medial prefrontal areas in EEG recordings, indicating focused attention. Although mental calculation is often used as an attention-demanding task, little has been reported on calculation-related activation in Fmθ experiments. In this study we used spatially filtered MEG and permutation analysis to precisely localize cortical generators of the magnetic counterpart of Fmθ, as well as other sources of oscillatory activity associated with mental calculation processing (i.e., arithmetic subtraction). Our results confirmed and extended earlier EEG/MEG studies indicating that Fmθ during mental calculation is generated in the dorsal anterior cingulate and adjacent medial prefrontal cortex. Mental subtraction was also associated with gamma event-related synchronization, as an index of activation, in right parietal regions subserving basic numerical processing and number-based spatial attention. Gamma event-related desynchronization appeared in the right lateral prefrontal cortex, likely representing a mechanism to interrupt neural activity that can interfere with the ongoing cognitive task.},
	language = {English},
	urldate = {2015-05-07},
	journal = {Frontiers in human neuroscience},
	author = {Ishii, Ryouhei and Canuet, Leonides and Ishihara, Tsutomu and Aoki, Yasunori and Ikeda, Shunichiro and Hata, Masahiro and Katsimichas, Themistoklis and Gunji, Atsuko and Takahashi, Hidetoshi and Nakahachi, Takayuki and Iwase, Masao and Takeda, Masatoshi},
	month = jan,
	year = {2014},
	pmid = {24966825},
	note = {Publisher: Frontiers},
	keywords = {Arithmetic calculation, Event-related desynchronization (ERD), Event-related synchronization (ERS), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), Spatial Filtering, Synthetic Aperture Magnetometry (SAM), beamformer, focused attention, frontal midline theta, gamma band},
	pages = {406},
}

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Although mental calculation is often used as an attention-demanding task, little has been reported on calculation-related activation in Fmθ experiments. In this study we used spatially filtered MEG and permutation analysis to precisely localize cortical generators of the magnetic counterpart of Fmθ, as well as other sources of oscillatory activity associated with mental calculation processing (i.e., arithmetic subtraction). Our results confirmed and extended earlier EEG/MEG studies indicating that Fmθ during mental calculation is generated in the dorsal anterior cingulate and adjacent medial prefrontal cortex. Mental subtraction was also associated with gamma event-related synchronization, as an index of activation, in right parietal regions subserving basic numerical processing and number-based spatial attention. Gamma event-related desynchronization appeared in the right lateral prefrontal cortex, likely representing a mechanism to interrupt neural activity that can interfere with the ongoing cognitive task.","language":"English","urldate":"2015-05-07","journal":"Frontiers in human neuroscience","author":[{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ishii"],"firstnames":["Ryouhei"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Canuet"],"firstnames":["Leonides"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ishihara"],"firstnames":["Tsutomu"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Aoki"],"firstnames":["Yasunori"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Ikeda"],"firstnames":["Shunichiro"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Hata"],"firstnames":["Masahiro"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Katsimichas"],"firstnames":["Themistoklis"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Gunji"],"firstnames":["Atsuko"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Takahashi"],"firstnames":["Hidetoshi"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Nakahachi"],"firstnames":["Takayuki"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Iwase"],"firstnames":["Masao"],"suffixes":[]},{"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Takeda"],"firstnames":["Masatoshi"],"suffixes":[]}],"month":"January","year":"2014","pmid":"24966825","note":"Publisher: Frontiers","keywords":"Arithmetic calculation, Event-related desynchronization (ERD), Event-related synchronization (ERS), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), Spatial Filtering, Synthetic Aperture Magnetometry (SAM), beamformer, focused attention, frontal midline theta, gamma band","pages":"406","bibtex":"@article{ishii_frontal_2014,\n\ttitle = {Frontal midline theta rhythm and gamma power changes during focused attention on mental calculation: an {MEG} beamformer analysis.},\n\tvolume = {8},\n\tissn = {1662-5161},\n\turl = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00406/abstract},\n\tdoi = {10.3389/fnhum.2014.00406},\n\tabstract = {Frontal midline theta rhythm (Fmθ) appears widely distributed over medial prefrontal areas in EEG recordings, indicating focused attention. Although mental calculation is often used as an attention-demanding task, little has been reported on calculation-related activation in Fmθ experiments. In this study we used spatially filtered MEG and permutation analysis to precisely localize cortical generators of the magnetic counterpart of Fmθ, as well as other sources of oscillatory activity associated with mental calculation processing (i.e., arithmetic subtraction). Our results confirmed and extended earlier EEG/MEG studies indicating that Fmθ during mental calculation is generated in the dorsal anterior cingulate and adjacent medial prefrontal cortex. Mental subtraction was also associated with gamma event-related synchronization, as an index of activation, in right parietal regions subserving basic numerical processing and number-based spatial attention. Gamma event-related desynchronization appeared in the right lateral prefrontal cortex, likely representing a mechanism to interrupt neural activity that can interfere with the ongoing cognitive task.},\n\tlanguage = {English},\n\turldate = {2015-05-07},\n\tjournal = {Frontiers in human neuroscience},\n\tauthor = {Ishii, Ryouhei and Canuet, Leonides and Ishihara, Tsutomu and Aoki, Yasunori and Ikeda, Shunichiro and Hata, Masahiro and Katsimichas, Themistoklis and Gunji, Atsuko and Takahashi, Hidetoshi and Nakahachi, Takayuki and Iwase, Masao and Takeda, Masatoshi},\n\tmonth = jan,\n\tyear = {2014},\n\tpmid = {24966825},\n\tnote = {Publisher: Frontiers},\n\tkeywords = {Arithmetic calculation, Event-related desynchronization (ERD), Event-related synchronization (ERS), Magnetoencephalography (MEG), Spatial Filtering, Synthetic Aperture Magnetometry (SAM), beamformer, focused attention, frontal midline theta, gamma band},\n\tpages = {406},\n}\n\n","author_short":["Ishii, R.","Canuet, L.","Ishihara, T.","Aoki, Y.","Ikeda, S.","Hata, M.","Katsimichas, T.","Gunji, A.","Takahashi, H.","Nakahachi, T.","Iwase, M.","Takeda, M."],"key":"ishii_frontal_2014","id":"ishii_frontal_2014","bibbaseid":"ishii-canuet-ishihara-aoki-ikeda-hata-katsimichas-gunji-etal-frontalmidlinethetarhythmandgammapowerchangesduringfocusedattentiononmentalcalculationanmegbeamformeranalysis-2014","role":"author","urls":{"Paper":"http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00406/abstract"},"keyword":["Arithmetic calculation","Event-related desynchronization (ERD)","Event-related synchronization (ERS)","Magnetoencephalography (MEG)","Spatial Filtering","Synthetic Aperture Magnetometry (SAM)","beamformer","focused attention","frontal midline theta","gamma band"],"metadata":{"authorlinks":{}},"html":""},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"https://bibbase.org/zotero/asrommel","dataSources":["J8fbWsdsy3xAaB3pX"],"keywords":["arithmetic calculation","event-related desynchronization (erd)","event-related synchronization (ers)","magnetoencephalography (meg)","spatial filtering","synthetic aperture magnetometry (sam)","beamformer","focused attention","frontal midline theta","gamma band"],"search_terms":["frontal","midline","theta","rhythm","gamma","power","changes","during","focused","attention","mental","calculation","meg","beamformer","analysis","ishii","canuet","ishihara","aoki","ikeda","hata","katsimichas","gunji","takahashi","nakahachi","iwase","takeda"],"title":"Frontal midline theta rhythm and gamma power changes during focused attention on mental calculation: an MEG beamformer analysis.","year":2014}