@Article{Israr2009b,
	title = {{Passive and Active Discrimination of Natural Frequency of Virtual Dynamic Systems}},
	year = {2009},
	volume = {2},
	number = {1},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Haptics},
	author = {Ali Israr and Yanfang Li and Volkan Patoglu and Marcia K. O'Malley},
	pages = {40 -- 51},
	abstract ={It has been shown that humans use combined feedforward and feedback control strategies when manipulating external dynamic systems and when exciting virtual dynamic systems at resonance and that they can tune their
control parameters in response to changing natural frequencies. We present a study to determine the discrimination thresholds for the natural frequency of such resonant dynamic systems. Weber fractions (WF, percent) are reported for the
discrimination of 1, 2, 4, and 8 Hz natural frequencies.Participants were instructed either to passively perceive or actively excite the virtual system via a one degree-of-freedom haptic interface with visual and/or haptic
feedback. The average WF for natural frequency ranged from 4 to 8.5 percent for 1, 2, and 4 Hz reference natural frequencies, while the WF was approximately 20 percent for systems with a reference natural frequency of 8 Hz. Results indicate
that sensory feedback modality has a significant effect on WF during passive perception, but no significant effect in the active perception case. The data also suggest that discrimination sensitivity is not significantly affected
by excitation mode. Finally, results forsystems with equivalent natural frequencies but different spring stiffness indicate that participants do not discriminate natural frequency based on the maximum force magnitude perceived.}
}

{"_id":{"_str":"534213c8ecd21cdc07000051"},"__v":114,"authorIDs":["5456f7f58b01c819300000d0","545939b9b43425b7720003c1","54725b2d5ac8e5e30d000d10","GfdWunh44HLYRuQza","MP9bAvF8pCmjxySF9","ZCfxQcqrqpovnLFJe"],"author_short":["Israr, A.","Li, Y.","Patoglu, V.","O'Malley, M. K."],"bibbaseid":"israr-li-patoglu-omalley-passiveandactivediscriminationofnaturalfrequencyofvirtualdynamicsystems-2009","bibdata":{"bibtype":"article","type":"article","title":"Passive and Active Discrimination of Natural Frequency of Virtual Dynamic Systems","year":"2009","volume":"2","number":"1","journal":"IEEE Transactions on Haptics","author":[{"firstnames":["Ali"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Israr"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["Yanfang"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Li"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["Volkan"],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["Patoglu"],"suffixes":[]},{"firstnames":["Marcia","K."],"propositions":[],"lastnames":["O'Malley"],"suffixes":[]}],"pages":"40 – 51","abstract":"It has been shown that humans use combined feedforward and feedback control strategies when manipulating external dynamic systems and when exciting virtual dynamic systems at resonance and that they can tune their control parameters in response to changing natural frequencies. We present a study to determine the discrimination thresholds for the natural frequency of such resonant dynamic systems. Weber fractions (WF, percent) are reported for the discrimination of 1, 2, 4, and 8 Hz natural frequencies.Participants were instructed either to passively perceive or actively excite the virtual system via a one degree-of-freedom haptic interface with visual and/or haptic feedback. The average WF for natural frequency ranged from 4 to 8.5 percent for 1, 2, and 4 Hz reference natural frequencies, while the WF was approximately 20 percent for systems with a reference natural frequency of 8 Hz. Results indicate that sensory feedback modality has a significant effect on WF during passive perception, but no significant effect in the active perception case. The data also suggest that discrimination sensitivity is not significantly affected by excitation mode. Finally, results forsystems with equivalent natural frequencies but different spring stiffness indicate that participants do not discriminate natural frequency based on the maximum force magnitude perceived.","bibtex":"@Article{Israr2009b,\n\ttitle = {{Passive and Active Discrimination of Natural Frequency of Virtual Dynamic Systems}},\n\tyear = {2009},\n\tvolume = {2},\n\tnumber = {1},\n\tjournal = {IEEE Transactions on Haptics},\n\tauthor = {Ali Israr and Yanfang Li and Volkan Patoglu and Marcia K. O'Malley},\n\tpages = {40 -- 51},\n\tabstract ={It has been shown that humans use combined feedforward and feedback control strategies when manipulating external dynamic systems and when exciting virtual dynamic systems at resonance and that they can tune their\ncontrol parameters in response to changing natural frequencies. We present a study to determine the discrimination thresholds for the natural frequency of such resonant dynamic systems. Weber fractions (WF, percent) are reported for the\ndiscrimination of 1, 2, 4, and 8 Hz natural frequencies.Participants were instructed either to passively perceive or actively excite the virtual system via a one degree-of-freedom haptic interface with visual and/or haptic\nfeedback. The average WF for natural frequency ranged from 4 to 8.5 percent for 1, 2, and 4 Hz reference natural frequencies, while the WF was approximately 20 percent for systems with a reference natural frequency of 8 Hz. Results indicate\nthat sensory feedback modality has a significant effect on WF during passive perception, but no significant effect in the active perception case. The data also suggest that discrimination sensitivity is not significantly affected\nby excitation mode. Finally, results forsystems with equivalent natural frequencies but different spring stiffness indicate that participants do not discriminate natural frequency based on the maximum force magnitude perceived.}\n}\n\n","author_short":["Israr, A.","Li, Y.","Patoglu, V.","O'Malley, M. K."],"key":"Israr2009b","id":"Israr2009b","bibbaseid":"israr-li-patoglu-omalley-passiveandactivediscriminationofnaturalfrequencyofvirtualdynamicsystems-2009","role":"author","urls":{},"downloads":0,"html":"","metadata":{"authorlinks":{}}},"bibtype":"article","biburl":"hmi.sabanciuniv.edu/patoglu_bib.bib","downloads":0,"keywords":[],"search_terms":["passive","active","discrimination","natural","frequency","virtual","dynamic","systems","israr","li","patoglu","o'malley"],"title":"Passive and Active Discrimination of Natural Frequency of Virtual Dynamic Systems","year":2009,"dataSources":["g2mDMKihSyQjpNZsS","iJc3qKk8FyPTPcHad"]}