Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision. Itti, L., Braun, J., & Koch, C. In Dietterich, T. G., Becker, S., & Ghahramani, Z., editors, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS*2001), Vol. 14, pages 1247-1254, Cambridge, MA, Aug, 2002. MIT Press. abstract bibtex We present new simulation results, in which a computational model of interacting visual neurons simultaneously predicts the modulation of spatial vision thresholds by focal visual attention, for five dual-task human psychophysics experiments. This new study complements our previous findings that attention activates a winner-take-all competition among early visual neurons within one cortical hypercolumn. This "intensified competition" hypothesis assumed that attention equally affects all neurons, and yielded two single-unit predictions: an increase in gain and a sharpening of tuning with attention. While both effects have been separately observed in electrophysiology, no single-unit study has yet shown them simultaneously. Hence, we here explore whether our model could still predict our data if attention might only modulate neuronal gain, but do so non-uniformly across neurons and tasks. Specifically, we investigate whether modulating the gain of only the neurons that are loudest, best-tuned, or most informative about the stimulus, or of all neurons equally but in a task-dependent manner, may account for the data. We find that none of these hypotheses yields predictions as plausible as the intensified competition hypothesis, hence providing additional support for our original findings.
@inproceedings{ Itti_etal02nips,
title = {Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision},
author = {L. Itti and J. Braun and C. Koch},
abstract = {We present new simulation results, in which a computational model of
interacting visual neurons simultaneously predicts the modulation of
spatial vision thresholds by focal visual attention, for five
dual-task human psychophysics experiments. This new study
complements our previous findings that attention activates a
winner-take-all competition among early visual neurons within one
cortical hypercolumn. This "intensified competition" hypothesis
assumed that attention equally affects all neurons, and yielded two
single-unit predictions: an increase in gain and a sharpening of
tuning with attention. While both effects have been separately
observed in electrophysiology, no single-unit study has yet shown
them simultaneously. Hence, we here explore whether our model could
still predict our data if attention might only modulate neuronal
gain, but do so non-uniformly across neurons and tasks.
Specifically, we investigate whether modulating the gain of only the
neurons that are loudest, best-tuned, or most informative about the
stimulus, or of all neurons equally but in a task-dependent manner,
may account for the data. We find that none of these hypotheses
yields predictions as plausible as the intensified competition
hypothesis, hence providing additional support for our original
findings.},
year = {2002},
month = {Aug},
publisher = { MIT Press },
editor = {T. G. Dietterich and S. Becker and Z. Ghahramani},
address = { Cambridge, MA },
booktitle = { Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
(NIPS*2001), Vol. 14 },
pages = {1247-1254},
type = { mod;td;psy },
file = { http://iLab.usc.edu/publications/doc/Itti_etal02nips.pdf },
review = {full/conf},
if = {2001 acceptance rate: 30%}
}
Downloads: 0
{"_id":{"_str":"5298a19f9eb585cc26000801"},"__v":0,"authorIDs":[],"author_short":["Itti, L.","Braun, J.","Koch, C."],"bibbaseid":"itti-braun-koch-modelingthemodulatoryeffectofattentiononhumanspatialvision-2002","bibdata":{"html":"<div class=\"bibbase_paper\"> \n\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_titleauthoryear\">\n\t<span class=\"bibbase_paper_title\"><a name=\"Itti_etal02nips\"> </a>Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision.</span>\n\t<span class=\"bibbase_paper_author\">\nItti, L.; Braun, J.; and Koch, C.</span>\n\t<!-- <span class=\"bibbase_paper_year\">2002</span>. -->\n</span>\n\n\n\nIn\nDietterich, T. G.; Becker, S.; and Ghahramani, Z., editor, <i>Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS*2001), Vol. 14</i>, page 1247-1254, Cambridge, MA, Aug 2002.\n\n\nMIT Press.\n\n\n\n\n<br class=\"bibbase_paper_content\"/>\n\n<span class=\"bibbase_paper_content\">\n \n \n \n <a href=\"javascript:showBib('Itti_etal02nips')\"\n class=\"bibbase link\">\n <!-- <img src=\"http://www.bibbase.org/img/filetypes/bib.png\" -->\n\t<!-- alt=\"Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision [bib]\" -->\n\t<!-- class=\"bibbase_icon\" -->\n\t<!-- style=\"width: 24px; height: 24px; border: 0px; vertical-align: text-top\"><span class=\"bibbase_icon_text\">Bibtex</span> -->\n BibTeX\n <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n \n \n \n <a class=\"bibbase_abstract_link bibbase link\"\n href=\"javascript:showAbstract('Itti_etal02nips')\">\n Abstract\n <i class=\"fa fa-caret-down\"></i></a>\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n</span>\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" id=\"bib_Itti_etal02nips\"\n style=\"display:none\">\n <pre>@inproceedings{ Itti_etal02nips,\n title = {Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision},\n author = {L. Itti and J. Braun and C. Koch},\n abstract = {We present new simulation results, in which a computational model of\n interacting visual neurons simultaneously predicts the modulation of\n spatial vision thresholds by focal visual attention, for five\n dual-task human psychophysics experiments. This new study\n complements our previous findings that attention activates a\n winner-take-all competition among early visual neurons within one\n cortical hypercolumn. This \"intensified competition\" hypothesis\n assumed that attention equally affects all neurons, and yielded two\n single-unit predictions: an increase in gain and a sharpening of\n tuning with attention. While both effects have been separately\n observed in electrophysiology, no single-unit study has yet shown\n them simultaneously. Hence, we here explore whether our model could\n still predict our data if attention might only modulate neuronal\n gain, but do so non-uniformly across neurons and tasks.\n Specifically, we investigate whether modulating the gain of only the\n neurons that are loudest, best-tuned, or most informative about the\n stimulus, or of all neurons equally but in a task-dependent manner,\n may account for the data. We find that none of these hypotheses\n yields predictions as plausible as the intensified competition\n hypothesis, hence providing additional support for our original\n findings.},\n year = {2002},\n month = {Aug},\n publisher = { MIT Press },\n editor = {T. G. Dietterich and S. Becker and Z. Ghahramani},\n address = { Cambridge, MA },\n booktitle = { Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems\n(NIPS*2001), Vol. 14 },\n pages = {1247-1254},\n type = { mod;td;psy },\n file = { http://iLab.usc.edu/publications/doc/Itti_etal02nips.pdf },\n review = {full/conf},\n if = {2001 acceptance rate: 30%}\n}</pre>\n</div>\n\n\n<div class=\"well well-small bibbase\" id=\"abstract_Itti_etal02nips\"\n style=\"display:none\">\n We present new simulation results, in which a computational model of interacting visual neurons simultaneously predicts the modulation of spatial vision thresholds by focal visual attention, for five dual-task human psychophysics experiments. This new study complements our previous findings that attention activates a winner-take-all competition among early visual neurons within one cortical hypercolumn. This \"intensified competition\" hypothesis assumed that attention equally affects all neurons, and yielded two single-unit predictions: an increase in gain and a sharpening of tuning with attention. While both effects have been separately observed in electrophysiology, no single-unit study has yet shown them simultaneously. Hence, we here explore whether our model could still predict our data if attention might only modulate neuronal gain, but do so non-uniformly across neurons and tasks. Specifically, we investigate whether modulating the gain of only the neurons that are loudest, best-tuned, or most informative about the stimulus, or of all neurons equally but in a task-dependent manner, may account for the data. We find that none of these hypotheses yields predictions as plausible as the intensified competition hypothesis, hence providing additional support for our original findings.\n</div>\n\n\n</div>\n","downloads":0,"bibbaseid":"itti-braun-koch-modelingthemodulatoryeffectofattentiononhumanspatialvision-2002","role":"author","year":"2002","type":"mod;td;psy","title":"Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision","review":"full/conf","publisher":"MIT Press","pages":"1247-1254","month":"Aug","key":"Itti_etal02nips","if":"2001 acceptance rate: 30%","id":"Itti_etal02nips","file":"http://iLab.usc.edu/publications/doc/Itti_etal02nips.pdf","editor_short":["Dietterich, T.<nbsp>G.","Becker, S.","Ghahramani, Z."],"editor":["Dietterich, T. G.","Becker, S.","Ghahramani, Z."],"booktitle":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS*2001), Vol. 14","bibtype":"inproceedings","bibtex":"@inproceedings{ Itti_etal02nips,\n title = {Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision},\n author = {L. Itti and J. Braun and C. Koch},\n abstract = {We present new simulation results, in which a computational model of\n interacting visual neurons simultaneously predicts the modulation of\n spatial vision thresholds by focal visual attention, for five\n dual-task human psychophysics experiments. This new study\n complements our previous findings that attention activates a\n winner-take-all competition among early visual neurons within one\n cortical hypercolumn. This \"intensified competition\" hypothesis\n assumed that attention equally affects all neurons, and yielded two\n single-unit predictions: an increase in gain and a sharpening of\n tuning with attention. While both effects have been separately\n observed in electrophysiology, no single-unit study has yet shown\n them simultaneously. Hence, we here explore whether our model could\n still predict our data if attention might only modulate neuronal\n gain, but do so non-uniformly across neurons and tasks.\n Specifically, we investigate whether modulating the gain of only the\n neurons that are loudest, best-tuned, or most informative about the\n stimulus, or of all neurons equally but in a task-dependent manner,\n may account for the data. We find that none of these hypotheses\n yields predictions as plausible as the intensified competition\n hypothesis, hence providing additional support for our original\n findings.},\n year = {2002},\n month = {Aug},\n publisher = { MIT Press },\n editor = {T. G. Dietterich and S. Becker and Z. Ghahramani},\n address = { Cambridge, MA },\n booktitle = { Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems\n(NIPS*2001), Vol. 14 },\n pages = {1247-1254},\n type = { mod;td;psy },\n file = { http://iLab.usc.edu/publications/doc/Itti_etal02nips.pdf },\n review = {full/conf},\n if = {2001 acceptance rate: 30%}\n}","author_short":["Itti, L.","Braun, J.","Koch, C."],"author":["Itti, L.","Braun, J.","Koch, C."],"address":"Cambridge, MA","abstract":"We present new simulation results, in which a computational model of interacting visual neurons simultaneously predicts the modulation of spatial vision thresholds by focal visual attention, for five dual-task human psychophysics experiments. This new study complements our previous findings that attention activates a winner-take-all competition among early visual neurons within one cortical hypercolumn. This \"intensified competition\" hypothesis assumed that attention equally affects all neurons, and yielded two single-unit predictions: an increase in gain and a sharpening of tuning with attention. While both effects have been separately observed in electrophysiology, no single-unit study has yet shown them simultaneously. Hence, we here explore whether our model could still predict our data if attention might only modulate neuronal gain, but do so non-uniformly across neurons and tasks. Specifically, we investigate whether modulating the gain of only the neurons that are loudest, best-tuned, or most informative about the stimulus, or of all neurons equally but in a task-dependent manner, may account for the data. We find that none of these hypotheses yields predictions as plausible as the intensified competition hypothesis, hence providing additional support for our original findings."},"bibtype":"inproceedings","biburl":"http://ilab.usc.edu/publications/src/ilab.bib","downloads":0,"search_terms":["modeling","modulatory","effect","attention","human","spatial","vision","itti","braun","koch"],"title":"Modeling the Modulatory Effect of Attention on Human Spatial Vision","year":2002,"dataSources":["wedBDxEpNXNCLZ2sZ"]}